Clinical presentation
This seizure phase occurs hours to days before a seizure and may involve anxiety, mood changes, or insomnia.
A. Postictal phase
B. Ictal phase
C. Early ictal (aura) phase
D. Prodromal phase
D. Prodromal phase
What is considered the first-line medication for stopping an active seizure?
A. Levetiracetam
B. Phenytoin
C. Midazolam
D. Phenobarbital
C. Midazolam
Why is a post-seizure evaluation performed?
A. To choose the best seizure medication
B. To determine the cause of the seizure
C. To test the patient’s intelligence
D. To prepare for surgery
B. To determine the cause of the seizure
People with epilepsy may experience this social challenge due to stigma.
A. Frequent travel
B. Depression and isolation
C. Weight gain
D. Improved relationships
B. Depression and isolation
What is the first step in teaching a patient about seizures?
A. Telling them to keep a diary
B. Explaining how and why seizures occur
C. Warning them not to drive
D. Giving a seizure medication brochure
B. Explaining how and why seizures occur
This is the first sign of seizure activity and may involve strange smells, tastes, or feelings of déjà vu.
A. Prodromal phase
B. Postictal phase
C. Early ictal (aura) phase
D. Tonic phase
C. Early ictal (aura) phase
If a seizure does not respond to benzodiazepines, what is typically administered next?
A. Haloperidol or risperidone
B. Levetiracetam or barbiturates
C. Lithium or valproic acid
D. Gabapentin or lorazepam
B. Levetiracetam or barbiturates
Clients with a known history of epilepsy typically:
A. Require full lab testing every time
B. Should undergo a lumbar puncture after each seizure
C. Do not require further diagnostic evaluation after every seizure
D. Are immediately sent for surgery
C. Do not require further diagnostic evaluation after every seizure
Which of the following areas of life is often impacted by epilepsy?
A. Skin tone
B. Speech patterns
C. Ability to work, drive, and live independently
D. Hearing ability
C. Ability to work, drive, and live independently
Which of the following is a common seizure trigger?
A. Drinking milk
B. Cold weather
C. Sleep deprivation and flashing lights
D. Eating spicy food
C. Sleep deprivation and flashing lights
This is the active phase of the seizure and varies in type and severity.
A. Ictal phase
B. Aura phase
C. Postictal phase
D. Recovery phase
A. Ictal phase
For clients with a history of seizures, long-term management typically includes:
A. Antibiotics
B. Antidepressants
C. Anticonvulsants
D. Beta-blockers
C. Anticonvulsants
Which two imaging techniques are commonly used to examine brain structure in seizure evaluations?
A. PET and X-ray
B. CT and MRI
C. EKG and EEG
D. Ultrasound and CT
B. CT and MRI
The autonomic nervous system disruption during seizures can affect which systems?
A. Musculoskeletal and integumentary
B. Respiratory, cardiovascular, and gastrointestinal
C. Skeletal and lymphatic
D. Renal and reproductive
B. Respiratory, cardiovascular, and gastrointestinal
Which of the following is considered a seizure-safe activity?
A. Climbing on a ladder
B. Swimming alone
C. Playing board games
D. Using power tools
C. Playing board games
This phase follows the seizure and often includes confusion, headache, and sleepiness.
A. Aura phase
B. Prodromal phase
C. Postictal phase
D. Tonic phase
C. Postictal phase
How are anti-seizure medications selected for a client?
A. Based on their gender and diet
B. Based on seizure type, patient history, and drug mechanism
C. By trial and error only
D. According to what their insurance covers first
B. Based on seizure type, patient history, and drug mechanism
This diagnostic tool measures electrical activity in the brain and helps diagnose epilepsy.
A. EMG
B. EEG
C. ECG
D. CT scan
B. EEG
Which of the following behaviors are more common in adults with active epilepsy?
A. Frequent exercise and healthy diet
B. Smoking and being less physically active
C. Overhydration and high activity levels
D. Attending therapy more frequently
B. Smoking and being less physically active
Clients with epilepsy may face driving restrictions based on:
A. Their income
B. State laws and seizure frequency
C. Whether they take medications
D. How many children they have
B. State laws and seizure frequency
These seizures affect both sides of the brain and usually cause a loss of consciousness.
A. Absence seizures
B. Generalized onset seizures
C. Focal onset seizures
D. Myoclonic seizures
B. Generalized onset seizures
Which of the following is an implantable device used for seizure control?
A. Deep brain electrode
B. Cochlear implant
C. Vagal nerve stimulator
D. Cardiac pacemaker
C. Vagal nerve stimulator
Which of the following is NOT typically included in a seizure lab workup?
A. BMP
B. CBC
C. Prolactin level
D. INR
D. INR
Which statement best describes the overall impact of epilepsy?
A. Epilepsy only affects brain function and has no other consequences.
B. Epilepsy mainly affects children, not adults.
C. Epilepsy can impact emotional health, independence, and multiple body systems.
D. Epilepsy is easily cured with one medication.
C. Epilepsy can impact emotional health, independence, and multiple body systems.
Which of the following is NOT a safe response during a seizure?
A. Loosening clothing around the neck
B. Placing the client on their left side
C. Calling for help if it lasts more than 5 minutes
D. Putting a spoon or object in their mouth
D. Putting a spoon or object in their mouth