Semantic Memory
Explanation of Semantic Memory
What is Memory we have of general knowledge of the world ?
Semantic priming is typically measured by use of
What is a lexical decision task ?
A mental construct that contains information associated with a specific idea
What is a concept ?
Refers to the transfer of activation from one node to an associated node
What is spreading activation ?
Membership in a category may be defined by each item’s general similarity to other members in the category rather than by a specific list of features
What is family resemblance ?
A unit of memory, which is connected to other nodes
What is a node ?
Participants are asked to decide as quickly as possible if a sentence is true or false
What is a sentence verification task ?
A mental construct referring to a set of objects or ideas that are grouped together or are associated with each other
What is a category ?
A model in which semantic memory is organized by levels or hierarchies in which particular nodes are associated with characteristics associated with that level, but not with higher or lower levels
What is hierarchical network model ?
According to feature comparison theory, defining features are required for any example of a particular category
What is defining features ?
The effect of one word or idea on the processing of a related word or idea. A related word will activate a target item and allow it to be processed more quickly
What is Semantic Priming ?
Categories are classified by maintaining a large number of specific instances of a category that are associated with each other in semantic memory
What is an exemplar theory ?
Used positron emission tomography (PET) technology to examine categorization
Who is Kosslyn, Alpert, and Thompson ?
There is a common semantic level of representation in bilinguals
What is Single-store view of bilingual representation?
Generalized knowledge about an event, a person, or a situation
What is a schema ?
Often confused with semantic memory but focuses on personal memories
What is Episodic Memory ?
States that we maintain a list of features for each category
What is a feature comparison theory ?
An important variable that has phycological reality
What is levels of categorization ?
Meaning is represented separately for each language in the lexical memory of a bilingual
What is Dual-store view of bilingual representation ?
Well-learned sequences of events associated with common activities
What is a script ?
Separate neurocognitive system from semantic memory
What is Lexical Memory ?
In this theory, we compare examples that we encounter in the real world to a constructed mental prototype
What is prototype theory ?
Examined decisions made about whether two objects belonged to the same category while monitoring participants using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)
Who is Kuchinke, van der Meer, and Krueger ?
The effect of priming a word in one language has on a related word in another language in bilinguals or multilinguals
What is Cross-language semantic priming ?
Any memory that can be verbalized; includes both episodic and semantic memory
What is declarative memory ?