Enzymes/Transport
What is an enzyme and what does it do?
Enzymes are protein polymers that speed up reactions and break down things.
What is dehydration synthesis?
When monomers bind together to form polymers by removing all the water.
What is the smallest unit of life?
a cell
What do all cells have?
cytoplasm, cell membrane, DNA, ribosomes
who observed cork and coined the term cell?
Robert Hooke
What is the opposite of Passive transport?
Active transport (requires ATP energy)
What is hydrolysis?
When polymers react with water to be broken down into monomers
Evolution is -
a change in the population over time
Name 3 things that plant cells have but animal cells don't have
Chloroplasts, cell wall, large vacuole
Who was the first to observe a living cell?
Anton Van Leeuwenhoek
___________ enzymes break things apart, __________ enzymes bind things together.
Catabolic, Anabolic
What elements do all macromolecules contain?
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen
what are the two types of reproduction?
sexual and asexual
What creates and stores lipids?
Smooth ER (Smooth endoplasmic reticulum)
who revised the cell theory to say that cells come from other cells?
What happens when an enzyme exceeds it optimal temp or pH? What is this called?
It becomes deformed (denatured)
Name the monomers of the following macromolecules:
Carbohydrates:
Lipids:
Proteins:
Nucleic Acid:
Monosaccharides (glucose)
Fatty acids and glycerol
amino acids
nucleotides
what is homeostasis?
The regulation and balance of your internal systems
what parts create mobility for bacteria?
the flagella and the cilia
Who coined the terms "prokaryotic" and "eukaryotic"?
Édouard Chatton
where does a non-competitive inhibitor attach to an enzyme?
The allosteric site
What are the different components of DNA?
Deoxyribose sugar, phosphate group, nitrogen bases ACGT
What is DNA and what does it do?
Deoxyribose nucleic acid, stores genetic information and holds instructions for making proteins.
what to centrioles do?
they help with mitosis
Which two people proposed the first cell theory?