Cells
Tissues
Skeletal System
Muscular System
Nervous System
100

What is cancer responsible for in terms of cells?

Uncontrolled cell division.

100

What are the four main types of tissue?

Connective, muscle, epithelial, and nervous

100

What is the difference between osteoblasts and osteoclasts?

Osteoblasts: create osteocytes. Osteoclasts: bone resorption.

100

What are the two types of myofilaments that each myofibril is made of? Are they thick or thin?

Myosin (thick) and Actin (thin)

100

What is part of the Central Nervous System (CNS) and the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)?

CNS: Brain and Spinal Cord. PNS: Nerves throughout the body (31 pairs of spinal nerves and 12 pairs of cranial nerves).

200

What is the difference between endocytosis and exocytosis?

Endocytosis: Things entering the cell. Exocytosis: Secretion; things exiting the cell.

200

What is the difference between a ligament and tendon?

A ligament connects bone to bone and a tendon connects a bone to muscle.

200

What is red and yellow marrow responsible for?

Red marrow: produces blood. Yellow marrow: fat storage.

200

What is the sarcolemma?

It is the muscle fiber membrane.

200

What do myelin sheaths do?

They provide insulation around the axons.

300

What kind of diffusion uses proteins?

Facilitated diffusion.

300

What are the 5 main functions of Epithelial Tissue?

Protection, secretion, absorption, excretion, and senses.

300

Name all 5 parts of the bone.

Epiphysis, diaphysis, articular cartilage, periosteum, and medulla

300

What is the neuromuscular junction?

Where a nerve and a muscle fiber come together.

300

What do astrocytes do?

Connect blood vessels to neurons.

400

Why does Active Transport require ATP?

It requires ATP because the cell is moving something against a concentration gradient.

400

What is Epidermolysis Bullosa?

It is a connective tissue disorder.

400

Give an example of all diarthrotic joints (ball/socket, hinge, pivot, and saddle)

Shoulder/hip, elbow/knee, lower arm, and thumb

400

What is the sliding Filament Theory?

The theory of how muscle contracts as thin filaments slide past thick filaments. Note: It involves 5 different molecules and calcium ions.

400

What is the difference between excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters?

Excitatory: increase membrane permeability, increases chance for threshold to be achieved.

Inhibitory: decrease membrane permeability, decrease chance for threshold to be achieved.

500

Briefly summarize interphase, mitosis, and cytokinesis. 

Interphase: Growth phase. Mitosis: Nuclear division. Cytokinesis: Cell splits into 2 daughter cells.

500

What part of the connective tissue matrix consumes debris and foreign objects?

Macrophages

500

In the bone matrix, what are the small chambers that osteocytes sit in?

Lacunae

500

What is the sternocleidomastoid muscle and what is it responsible for? 

It is a large muscle in the neck that is responsible for the rotation and flexion of the neck.

500

Describe the path of a nerve impulse in a neuron starting with the dendrite.

The dendrite receives information, passes the cell body to the axon and out the axon terminals.