Organization & Homeostasis
This is the standard reference position of the human body used in anatomy.
What is the anatomical position?
The muscle that contracts and moves downward during inspiration.
What is the diaphragm?
The outermost layer of the skin.
What is the epidermis?
The part of the neuron that receives incoming signals.
What are dendrites?
This lobe processes vision.
What is the occipital lobe?
A stable, balanced internal environment maintained by the body.
What is homeostasis?
Air moves into the lungs because thoracic pressure becomes ____ than atmospheric pressure.
What is lower?
This gland produces oil to keep skin and hair from drying out.
What is the epidermis?
The insulating structure that speeds up nerve impulse transmission.
What is the myelin sheath?
The brain region responsible for balance and coordination.
What is the cerebellum?
The type of feedback mechanism where the response reduces the original stimulus.
What is negative feedback?
The tiny air sacs where gas exchange occurs.
What are alveoli?
Which skin layer anchors skin to underlying organs and stores fat?
What is the hypodermis (subcutaneous layer)?
Neuroglia that provide immune protection by phagocytosis in the CNS.
What are microglia?
The division of the nervous system made up of the brain and spinal cord.
What is the central nervous system?
Correct order from least complex to most complex: cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism.
What is cell → tissue → organ → organ system → organism?
Name the lung volume that represents the amount of air moved during normal breathing.
What is tidal volume?
Identify the skin cancer that develops from melanocytes and spreads rapidly.
What is malignant melanoma?
Which neuroglia form myelin in the peripheral nervous system?
What are Schwann cells?
Which nervous system division controls involuntary actions like heart rate and digestion?
What is the autonomic nervous system?
Name all five components of a homeostatic control mechanism.
What are stimulus, receptor, control center, effector, and response?
Explain one full breath (inspiration AND expiration) using pressure and volume changes.
Inspiration increases volume/decreases pressure; expiration decreases volume/increases pressure.
Describe two ways the skin helps regulate body temperature when you are hot.
Sweating and vasodilation (blood vessels dilate).
Name the disease characterized by tremors and low dopamine levels.
What is Parkinson’s disease?
Compare the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems by function.
Sympathetic = fight or flight; Parasympathetic = rest and digest.