Topic #2
Why did the Southern Colonies rely more heavily on enslaved labor than the New England & Middle Colonies?
Large plantations and cash crops like tobacco and rice required a large labor force
How did the Pilgrims create their government, and why was it important for self-government?
They signed the Mayflower Compact, agreeing to make laws together
Which statement best describes a major result of the French & Indian War?
It marked the end of French power in North America
What are 2 results of sending the Olive Branch Petition to King George III?
King George III rejected the petition declared the colonies in rebellion
What were the Articles of Confederation?
The 1st attempt at a written plan of government for the United States
What was the compromise between Big & Small states? What did it do?
The Great Compromise; it created a bicameral Congress benefiting both large and small states
Why were the Middle Colonies known for being more diverse and tolerant than many other colonial regions?
They allowed religious freedom and welcomed immigrants from many countries.
How were the Quakers different from other religious groups?
They believed in equality, peace, and religious tolerance
Why did the British want to expand into the Ohio River Valley during the mid-1700s?
To gain access to valuable natural resources
Which events helped lead to American victory in the Revolutionary War?
French assistance, key victories like Saratoga, and colonial persistence.
What were the 2 main problems with the Articles of Confederation?
The government could not tax, or enforce laws
What was the compromise between Northern & Southern states?
The 3/5ths Compromise; it counted enslaved people as part of the population for representation and taxes
In the New England Colonies, why did Puritan beliefs lead to more education among children?
Puritans believed everyone should read the Bible for themselves
Why was the House of Burgesses historically significant?
It was the first elected legislative assembly in the American colonies
During the American Revolution, which roles did many women take on?
Caring for wounded soldiers, Running family businesses
What events led to the Boston Tea Party?
The Tea Act and continued taxation without representation
Who had more power under the Articles of Confederation, the states or the National government? Why?
The states had more power because the national government was very weak
How many states needed to vote yes in order to ratify (pass) the Constitution?
9 states
What were the 2 main reasons for founding Georgia?
To provide a buffer against Spanish Florida and a place for debtors to start over
Which colonial regions shared a strong connection to shipping and trade?
New England & Middle Colonies
How did the Stamp Act contribute to the Boston Massacre?
Angry colonists targeted British soldiers, escalating tensions
What were some of the things that the Intolerable Acts did?
They closed Boston Harbor and increased British control over Massachusetts
How did the states deal with the national government not being able to tax citizens?
The states in an effort to pay off war debts, increased taxes on farmers
How many amendments make up the Bill of Rights?
10
How did Southern agriculture contribute to an increase in the number of enslaved Africans in North America?
Labor-intensive crops increased the demand for enslaved workers
In colonial society, a person’s social status was mainly based on...
Their family background and wealth
What even triggered the first shots at Lexington & Concord?
The British attempted to seize colonial weapons stores
What was one major result of British actions like the Proclamation of 1763, Stamp Act, and Townshend Acts?
Colonial resentment and resistance toward British rule increased
What was the event that showed the Founding Fathers they needed to make the national government stronger, and how did it show them this?
Shays Rebellion showed the national government could not control unrest or enforce laws
How does a Federalist differ from an Anti-Federalist?
Federalists supported a strong national government, while Anti-Federalists feared it and wanted stronger state governments
Pennsylvania differed from many other colonies because it...
Was founded as a religious experiment promoting equality
Why was the Maryland Act of Toleration important?
It protected Catholic’s right to practice their religion
What event did the capture of Fort Ticonderoga have on the siege of Boston?
It provided the Patriots with cannons used to force the British to leave Boston
What were the sections of the Declaration of Independence?
Preamble, Natural Rights, List of Grievances, Conclusion
Who came out of retirement to lead the Constitutional Convention, and whose ideas are displayed the most earning him the nickname “Father of the Constitution?”
George Washington led the convention; James Madison’s ideas are portrayed the most in the Constitution
Why did the Founding Fathers include the 2nd amendment in the Bill of Rights?
To allow citizens to defend themselves in case of a government that becomes tyrannical, or too powerful