Enzymes
What type of biomolecule is an enzyme?
What does it mean for water to be "polar"?
It has a positive side and a negative side
List the 4 biomolecules.
Carbohydrates. Lipids, Proteins. Nucleic acids
What are the seven steps to the scientific method?
observation, problem, hypothesis, experiment, data, conclusion, evaluation
What do decomposers do in an ecosystem?
Breakdown dead organisms and return nutrients to the soil
What types of cells have organelles and a nucleus?
Eukaryotic cells
What type of organisms play a large role in the nitrogen cycle?
Bacteria
What happens when you denature a protein?
Change its shape, change temp or acidity of its environment
Why can small insects walk on water?
Water has high surface tension
What is a subunit?
Subunits are the smaller pieces of something larger, that make it up.
What is an independent variable?
This is what the experimenter changes (“I” change)
What type of relationship is when both organisms benefit from the relationship?
Mutualism
What is the purpose of cellular respiration?
To make ATP energy for use throughout the body
What are the 3 subatomic particles of an atom?
Proton, Neutron, Electron
From the lock and key model, what is the lock and what is the key?
Lock= Enzyme; Key= Substrate
Why does ice float?
Ice is less dense than liquid water
List the subunits for the biomolecules.
Carbohydrates= Monosaccharides.
Lipids= Fatty acid tails,
Proteins= Amino acids.
Nucleic acids= nucleotides
What is a dependent variable?
This is what you are measuring from the experiment
If hunters were to kill off a prey animal, what would happen to the number of predators in an area?
The predators will start to die due to the lack of food, and may lead to extinction for the predators
How is energy released from ATP?
Breaking off the last phosphate
Define renewable resources.
Renewable resources have an almost unlimited amount; things like sunlight, wind and living things.
What is an activator and give an example?
Activators increase the speed of and enzyme, vitamins
What is adhesion? What is cohesion?
Adhesion= water sticking to other polar molecules, Cohesion= Water sticking to other water molecules
What are nucleotides made of?
Sugar, phosphate, nitrogenous base
What is the correct format for writing a problem statement?
How does the IV affect the DV?
What are limiting factors?
Limiting factors are responsible for helping to establish a carrying capacity of a population.
What materials are needed by a plant to make sugar?
Carbon dioxide, water, energy
How does the increase in use of fossil fuels contribute to climate change?
It increases greenhouse gasses, which trap in heat from the sun, raising global temperatures
Write out the 4 steps for an enzymatic reaction.
• Enzyme and substrate in the same area
• Substrate goes in to the enzymes active site
• Enzyme changes the substrate
• Enzyme releases the products
What does it mean for water to have a high heat of vaporization?
It takes a lot of energy for water to boil
What are monosaccharides and what is their job?
Carbohydrates, provide immediate energy
Steven likes to cook, and just bought a bigger pot for cooking spaghetti sauce. He noticed that since he can fit more spaghetti sauce in the bigger pot it takes longer for it all to heat up. He generated a hypothesis that if you cook a larger amount of spaghetti then it will take longer to heat up. What is Steven’s hypothesis?
If you cook a larger amount of spaghetti, then it will take longer to heat up
If the same number of organisms are being born as are dying, what happens to the population?
It stays the same, no growth
How are aerobic and anaerobic respiration different?
Aerobic respiration creates about 36 ATP, requires oxygen, happens in mitochondria; anaerobic respiration creates about 2 ATP, does not require oxygen, happens in cytoplasm
Where do humans get most of their carbon from?
From other organisms in the form of sugar (C6H12O6)