Chapter 1
matter
In which state of matter are particles packed tightly together in fixed positions?
solid
All elements are made of basic particles called
atoms
Is burning wood a chemical or physical change?
chemical
In chemical reactions, what does the principle of conservation of mass mean?
Mass is not created or destroyed
Table salt and water are examples of
substances
The state of matter in which particles are arranged in either a crystalline or an amorphous form is
solid
On the Periodic table, do Periods(rows) or Groups (columns) have properties that change in a pattern?
Periods or Rows
What is a double bond?
A bond with two pairs of electrons shared between two atoms
A chemical reaction that releases energy in the form of heat is described as
an exothermic reaction
The ability to do work or cause change
energy
In which state of matter are particles free to move around one another but still touch.
liquid
Which parts of the atom have a negative charge and move around the nucleus?
electrons
What part of the atom is involved in bonding with another atom?
valence electrons
Every chemical reaction involves a change in
energy
What holds atoms together in a molecule?
chemical bonds
According to Charles’s law, when the temperature of a gas is increased, its
volume increases
What elements on the Periodic Table are the MOST reactive? Give the group name not the group number.
Alkali Metals
What charge does an atom have when it loses an electron?
positive
Chemicals that act as biological catalysts by speeding up reactions in living things are called
enzymes
What is the SI unit for mass?
kilogram
What process occurs when a solid turn directly into a gas?
sublimation
What is the atomic number based on?
the number of protons in the nucleus
What are Ions called when they are made of more than one atom?
polyatomic ions
What type of reaction is
Mg + O2 -----> MgO
synthesis
How do you calculate density?
Mass/Volume
Mass divided by volume
A graph of Boyle's Law show the relationship between
the volume and pressure of gas
Which group of elements have some properties of metals and some properties of nonmetals?
metalloids
A chemical bond formed when two atoms share electrons is called a(n)
covalent bond
Chemistry is the study of
matter and how matter changes