Basic Atomic Structure
Which Sub-Atomic particles make up the nucleus of an atom?
only Protons and Neutrons !
What is a valance electron?
an electron found in the outermost orbital or shell of an atom
Where on the Periodic Table are the Metals Located?
to the LEFT of the staircase or metalloids
What is the difference between Ionic and Covalent Compounds?
Ionic: a metal bonded to a non-metal
Covalent: Two Non-Metals bonded togeather
What are the two products of any typical combustion reaction?
H2O and CO2
How many protons does Sulfur(S) have?
16
How Many Valance Electrons does Oxygen (O) Have?
Draw its Lewis Dot structure!
6 Valance Electrons
Lewis dot:
O with 6 dots around (Cant show pictures :( )
On the periodic table we refer to the columns as what?
Groups or Families!
In covalent bonding electrons are _________
Shared! not donated
Name the type of reaction: NaOH + HCl --> NaCl +H2O
Double Displacement / Neutralization Reaction
What is the number on the Periodic Table that tells you which kind of element an atom is? In other words, what number "defines an element" ?
The Atomic Number (number of Protons)
Define the Octet Rule
All elements are trying to gain or lose electrons to have a full outer shell!
True/ False: All elements within a GROUP or Family share common characteristics or properties!
TRUE
Name this compound: N2O3
DI-Nitrogen TRI-Oxide
Balance this reaction: SiO2 + C --> SiC + CO
SiO2 + 3C --> SiO + 2CO
Which subatomic Particle has almost NO mass, but takes up 80% of an atoms volume ?
Electrons!
How many electrons will Phosphorous (P) want to gain or lose in order to become stable or follow the octet rule? and then what will its CHARGE be?
Gain 3! (-3)
What Element is in group/ family 5 and period 2?
Nitrogen (N)
Write the correct formula for this compound: Copper(II)Sulfide
CuS
Given the following balanced equation: 3MnO2 --> Mn3O4 + O2
How many moles of MnO2 are needed to produce 2 moles of O2 ?
Using a Mole to mole ratio convert 2 moles of O2 into Moles of MnO2
The answer: 6 moles of MnO2
Most of an atom is composed of ________
Why?
Empty Space
Because electrons tend to orbit so far away from the center of the atom (nucleus).
How many valance electrons do the Halogens have?
7 valance electrons! because they are in group 7 or column 7
Explain in your own words WHY Atomic Radius INCREASES as you move down a column or group in the periodic table
because as you move down the column the atom for each element gains an energy shell which adds another ring to their diameter size!
Draw the bonding of Carbon (C) and Bromine (Br)
you will need 1 Carbon and 4 Bromine, Electrons are SHARED
Given the following reaction: Zn + 2HCl --> ZnCl2 + H2O, determine how many moles of HCl reacted with .68g of Zinc!
Use the amount of grams of Zn to then convert to moles of HCl
Answer: 0.018 / 0.019 moles HCl