The Gilded Age
This oil tycoon founded Standard Oil and controlled about 90% of US oil refining through horizontal integration.
Who is John D. Rockefeller?
These journalists exposed corruption and social problems in American society during the Progressive Era.
Who are Muckrakers?
This 1898 conflict resulted in the US gaining control of Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines.
What is the Spanish-American War?
This 1915 British passenger ship was sunk by a German U-boat, killing 128 Americans and turning public opinion against Germany.
What is the Lusitania?
This term describes sensationalized journalism that helped fuel support for the Spanish-American War.
What is Yellow Journalism?
This treaty officially ended WWI, imposing harsh penalties on Germany including massive reparations payments.
What is the Treaty of Versailles?
This 1920 amendment prohibited the manufacture, sale, and transportation of alcohol in the United States.
What is the 18th Amendment?
This financier dominated banking and helped organize US Steel, America's first billion-dollar corporation.
Who is J.P. Morgan?
This 1882 law was the first significant restriction on immigration to the United States, targeting workers from Asia.
What is the Chinese Exclusion Act?
This 1906 novel by Upton Sinclair exposed unsanitary conditions in the meatpacking industry, leading to food safety reforms.
What is The Jungle?
This massive engineering project, completed in 1914, connected the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans and demonstrated American power.
What is the Panama Canal?
This telegram from Germany to Mexico, intercepted by the British, proposed a military alliance and helped bring the US into WWI.
What is the Zimmermann Telegram?
This policy of avoiding alliances and involvement in European conflicts was challenged by WWI.
What is Isolationism or Neutrality?
This philanthropist's "Gospel of Wealth" argued that the rich had a duty to use their money for social good.
Who is Andrew Carnegie?
This term describes the belief that Anglo-Saxons were superior and had a duty to "civilize" other peoples.
What is Anglo-Saxonism or the White Man's Burden?
This Supreme Court case upheld the Espionage Act, establishing the "clear and present danger" test for limiting free speech.
What is Schenck v. United States?
This theory, misapplied from Darwin's work, justified wealth inequality by claiming the rich were naturally superior.
What is Social Darwinism?
This Progressive president was known for his "Square Deal" policies and trust-busting efforts.
Who is Theodore Roosevelt?
This 1898 event in Havana Harbor helped spark the Spanish-American War and was blamed on Spain.
What is the sinking of the USS Maine?
The US Senate rejected this international organization proposed by Wilson, keeping America out of collective security arrangements.
What is the League of Nations?
This 1906 law required truthful labeling of food and drugs, passed as part of Progressive Era reforms.
What is the Pure Food and Drug Act?
This amendment, ratified in 1913, provided for the direct election of US Senators by popular vote.
What is the 17th Amendment?
This socialist leader was imprisoned under the Espionage Act for speaking out against WWI and the draft.
Who is Eugene V. Debs?
This practice involved one company controlling all stages of production from raw materials to finished products.
What is vertical integration?
This 1886 labor riot in Chicago began as a peaceful rally for an 8-hour workday but ended in violence and death.
What is the Haymarket Affair (Riot)?
Ratified in 1920, this amendment granted women the right to vote (suffrage) after decades of activism.
What is the 19th Amendment?
This addition to the Monroe Doctrine asserted the US right to intervene in Latin American affairs to maintain stability.
What is the Roosevelt Corollary?
This 1918 act made it illegal to criticize the US government, flag, or military during wartime, limiting free speech.
What is the Sedition Act?
This NYC political machine, led by Boss Tweed, became infamous for corruption during the Gilded Age.
What is Tammany Hall?
This muckraker wrote "The History of the Standard Oil Company," exposing Rockefeller's monopolistic practices.
Who is Ida Tarbell?
This reformer founded Hull House in Chicago to provide services and education to poor immigrants.
Who is Jane Addams?
This amendment to a war resolution promised Cuba would be independent, limiting US control after the Spanish-American War.
What is the Teller Amendment?
This 1892 labor conflict at Carnegie Steel resulted in a violent clash between strikers and Pinkerton detectives, dealing a major blow to unions.
What is the Homestead Strike?
Ratified in 1913, this constitutional amendment established a federal income tax.
What is the 16th Amendment?
This policy, articulated by John Hay, advocated for equal trading rights for all nations in China.
What is the Open Door Policy?
This government agency, led by George Creel, created propaganda to build support for the war effort at home.
What is the Committee on Public Information (CPI)?
This term describes the period of nativist fear and persecution of radicals and immigrants after WWI, including the Palmer Raids.
What is the Red Scare?
This political practice involved giving government jobs to loyal supporters regardless of qualifications, contributing to corruption.
What is the spoils system or patronage?
This 1901 amendment allowed the US to intervene in Cuban affairs and lease Guantanamo Bay as a naval base.
What is the Platt Amendment?
This labor organization, founded in 1869, welcomed all workers including women and African Americans but declined after Haymarket.
What is the Knights of Labor?