Rocks and Minerals
How are Sedimentary or Igneous rocks turned into metamorphic rocks?
Temperature and pressure
What are earths compositional layers from the most outer layer to inner layer?
crust, mantle, core
What is the difference between magma and lava
Magma is melted rock under the earth's surface.
Lava is the melted rock on earth's surface.
What is the formula for density
density=mass/volume
All matter is made of atoms that are in constant motion
What do all minerals have in common?
Solid, Crytalline Structure, inorganic, naturally occuring, definite chemical composition
What are earths physical layers from the most outer layer to inner layer?
lithosphere, asthenosphere, mesosphere, outer core, inner core.
What are the three types of Volcanic mountains and one identifying piece of information about them?
Shield volcano: broad base with gentle slope.
Cinder cones: made up of the ash which looks like sand.
Composite Volcano: alternating layers of hardened lava and pyroclastic material.
What is an example of a physical property and Chemical property
Solubility and Flamability.(other options available)
How do each state of matter move?
Solid: vibrates in place
Liquid slide past each other
Gas: moves freely
What is the difference between weathering and erosion?
weathering: water, wind, ice, and change of temperature break down rock.
Erosion: A sediment (the broken pieces from weathering) are moved from one place to another.
What is the difference between plate tectonics and tectonic plates.
Plate tectonics: describe the large scale movements of earths lithosphere
Tectonic plates: The division of the lithosphere
What are the three types of mountains and how do they form?
Folded: rock layers are squeezed together and pushed upwards
Volcanic: melted rock erupts onto earth's surface
Fault-Block: tension breaks the lithosphere into many normal faults
What are examples of a Physical Change and Chemical Change?
Melting Butter and Baking a cake
Does temperature change at the same time the matters state is changing?
No
What are the properties of minerals that can be used to identify an unknown mineral?
color, luster, streak, hardness, density, special properties, cleavage and fracture
What evidence supports wegeners hypothesis?
Sea-floor spreading/ mid-ocean ridges, fossil evidence, mountain evidence.
How do earthquakes form?
Along a fault rocks are put under stress and are deformed. These rocks then snap back using elastic rebound, going back to its original shape. That snap is the earthquake.
What is a pure substance?
A substance that has definite physical and chemical properties. Elements and Compounds
What is the opposite of the following words:
Freezing
Boiling
Melting
Condensation
How do we classify each type of rock?
Igneous: intrusive and extrusive
Sedimentary: clastic, chemical, organic
Metamorphic: foliated and nonfoliated
What are the three types of boundaries and how are they formed?
Convergent: Two plates collide
Divergent: Two plates move away from each other
Transform: Two plates move past each other horizontally.
How is the motion of P waves, S waves, and Surface waves?
P waves- fastest, travel back and forth.
S waves- travels rock side to side, second fastest
Surface waves- slowest wave, moves ground up and down and side to side.
What is an example of each of the three classifications of mixtures?
Suspension: snow globe
Solution: Tea
Colloid: gelatin
What is the difference between Sublimation and Deposition, with examples
Sublimation: A change between a solid and a gas. dry ice
Deposition: A change between a gas and a solid, ice crystals on a cold window.