Foundations & Philosophers
This Enlightenment thinker argued for separation of powers that influenced the U.S. system
Who is Baron de Montesquieu?
The branch of government that makes laws is called this
What is the Legislative Branch?
The written plan of government that is the supreme law of the U.S. is called this
What is the Constitution (or U.S. Constitution)?
Powers specifically given to the federal government by the Constitution are called these.
What are Enumerated Powers?
A legally recognized member of a state or nation with rights and responsibilities is called this.
What is a Citizen?
He wrote about natural rights and the social contract; his ideas influenced the Declaration of Independence
Who is John Locke?
This body is the lower chamber of Congress and is based on population.
What is the House of Representatives?
The first ten amendments guaranteeing individual freedoms are collectively called this
What is the Bill of Rights?
Powers shared by both state and federal governments are known as this
What are Concurrent Powers?
The process by which a foreign‑born person becomes a U.S. citizen is called this
What is Naturalization?
This 1776 pamphlet by Thomas Paine urged the colonies to seek independence
What is Common Sense?
This group of advisors to the President heads executive departments
What is the Cabinet?
This 1215 document limited the power of the English king and influenced later rights
What is the Magna Carta?
Under this system, power is divided between national and state governments
What is Federalism?
These are rights inherent to all humans, such as life and liberty.
What are Natural Rights?
This intellectual movement emphasized reason and individual rights and influenced American founders
What is the Enlightenment?
The principle dividing government into legislative, executive, and judicial branches is called this
What is Separation of Powers?
The process by which a state formally approves a proposed amendment is to do this
What is ratify (or ratification)?
Powers kept by the states under the Constitution are known as this
What are Reserved Powers?
This idea says the government’s authority comes from the people.
What is Consent of the Governed (or Popular Sovereignty)?