Types of Chemistry
Study of all chemicals containing carbon
organic chemistry
kilo
1000 times larger
Accuracy
the correct answer
Similarities and differences of liquids and solids
Solids have a definite shape and volume. Liquids flow, have a constant volume and take the shape of their container.
A mixture that has a uniform composition throughout and always has a single phase. Examples include air and salt water.
Homogeneous mixture; Also known as a solution
The smallest particle of an element that retains all the properties of that element
atom
The study of the composition of matter
analytical chemistry
deci
10 times smaller
Precision
Getting the same answer many times
Compare & contrast gasses and vapors
Gasses flow, do not have a constant volume, and take the shape of their container. Vapors are the gaseous state of a substance that is solid or liquid at room temperature.
Heterogeneous mixture
A mixture that does not have a uniform composition and in which the individual substances remain distinct. Examples include: tossed salad, chicken noodle soup, and mulch.
Nucleus
Small positively charged dense center of an atom that contains positively charged protons and neutral neutrons
inorganic chemistry
The study of chemicals that do not contain carbon
centi-
error
Experimental value minus accepted value.
Type of property observed without changing the substance
Physical property (Examples: color, density, melting point, boiling point, mass, length, volume, texture, odor)
A separation technique based on differences in boiling points
Distillation
octet rule
The octet rules states that atoms lose, gain, or share electrons in order to acquire the stable electron configuration of a noble gas. Usually, eight electrons are required for a full octet however when working with hydrogen two electrons fill the octet.
biochemistry
The study of the processes that take place in organisms
1000 times smaller
milli-
Changes in matter
What is chemistry?
Chemical property
Observed when there is a change in the substance. Examples include: oxidizes, tarnishes, ferments, forms a precipitate when HCl is added or does not react.
Similarities and differences in chromatography and filtration
Filtration uses a porous barrier to separate solid from liquid. Chromotography separates by molecule size or polarity with a liquid phase and a solid phase. A type of filter paper can be used in both. Both are separation techniques.
density formula
d=m/v (Ratio of mass to volume)
D=density, m=mass, v=volume
Intensive property
Physical chemistry
Concerned with the rate and energy transfer that matter occurs when matter undergoes in a change
Three base measurements in the metric system, and what do they measure
meters-distance
liters-volume
kilograms-mass
If water has a density of 1.00 g/ml and corn oil has a density of 0.92 g/ml which one floats and which one sinks?
water sinks; corn oil floats
The less dense substance floats.
Two types of physical properties explained with examples included.
An intensive property is independent of the amount present. Examples include density, color, odor, melting point, boiling point. An extensive property depends on the amount present. Examples include: mass, length, volume.
Similarities and differences between crystallization and sublimation
Crystallization is the formation of pure solid particles from a solution containing dissolved particles. In sublimation, a solid changes to vapor without melting. Both are separation techniques.
Formula used with electromagnetic spectrum to determine wavelength or frequency and the mathematical relationship between wave length and frequency
speed of light=wavelength x frequency
inverse relationship