Euro Claim Muslim Land 2
What did the Crimean War expose about the Ottoman Empire?
That they had a weak military.
Who is identified as the leading power in India until 1858?
East India Company
What introduction made India even more valuable to the British?
The development of the railroads to transport raw goods and manufactured goods.
Imperialism
a policy in which a strong nation seeks to dominate other countries politically, economically, or socially.
Paternalism
a policy of treating subject people as if they were children, providing for their needs but not giving them rights.
What was the “Great Game”?
The struggle between Britain and Russia over India.
Who regulated the East India Company in London and India?
The British Government
What were three negative effects of British control over India?
1. Loss of self-sufficiency for many villagers.
2. Famines due to the conversion of cash crops and decrease of food production.
3. Increased presence of missionaries and the racist attitude of British officials threatened traditional Indian life.
Racism
the belief that one race is superior to others.
Geopolitics
a foreign policy based on a consideration of the strategic locations or products of other lands.
What was the result of the “Great Game”?
Great Britain withdrew from Afghanistan and agreed its empire would not extend beyond Khyber Pass. Soviet Union signed a nonaggression pact with Afghanistan.
What are sepoys?
Indian soldiers who worked for the East India Company.
What were 3 positive effects of British control over India?
1. Industrialization and modernization through dams, bridges, telegraphs/grams, phones
2. Sanitation and public health improved and Colleges and schools increased literacy.
3. Ended warfare against competing local rulers.
Social Darwinism
the application of Charles Darwin's ideas about evolution and "survival of the fittest" to human societies-- particularly as justification for imperialist expansion.
Assimilation
the adoption of a conqueror's culture by a conquered people. OR a policy in which a nation forces or encourages a subject people to adopt its institutions and customs.
What economic changes happened in Egypt as a result of Muhammed Ali’s reforms?
He directed a shift of agriculture to a cotton and brought Egypt into the international marketplace.
Why was India considered the brightest jewel in Britain's crown?
British considered India the brightest jewel in the crown because it was a major supplier of raw goods and a potential market for British made goods.
What rumor regarding gun cartridges outraged the sepoys? How did they respond?
That the end of the rifles were greased with beef and pork fat, animals Hindus and Muslims found sacred and/or did not eat. 90% of units refused the accept the cartridges.
Berlin Conference
a meeting in 1884-1885 at which representatives of European nations agreed upon rules for the European colonization of Africa.
Crimean War
a conflict, lasting from 1853 to 1856, in which the Ottoman Empire, with the aid of Britain and France, halted Russian expansion in the region of the Black Sea.
Why did Persia struggle to industrialize?
They didn’t have the money to develop their own resources.
How did Britain keep Indian’s economy reliant on Britain?
They introduced policies that required India to produce raw materials for British manufacturing and to buy British goods and India wasn’t allowed to compete with British goods.
What was the direct result of the Sepoy Mutiny?
The British government took direct command of India.
Boer War
a conflict, lasting from 1899 to 1902, in which the Boers and the British fought for control of territory in South Africa.
Suez Canal
a human-made waterway, which was opened in 1869, connecting the Red Sea and the Mediterranean Sea.