Chapter 2
Chemical reactions convert ____________ into _____________.
Reactants into Products
What is the difference between a eukaryotic and prokaryotic cell?
Eukaryotic have a nucleus
What is the difference between light dependent and light independent reactions?
Light dependent require light for energy, light independent use the ATP made in light dependent for energy
What is the difference between sexual and asexual reproduction?
Sexual: 2 parents
Asexual: 1 parent
What does Meiosis ultimately produce?
4 haploid cells
What is the function of an enzyme?
Speed up reactions by LOWERING the activation energy.
What is the cell membrane's structure and function?
Phospholipid Bilayer, regulates entry and exit of materials into the cell and helps cell maintain homeostasis.
What are the 3 stages of the Cellular Respiration?
Glycolysis, Krebs Cycle, Electron Transport Chain
What does Mitosis ultimately produce?
2 identical daughter cells
What are 2 differences between Mitosis and Meiosis?
Mitosis 1 division, Meiosis 2
Mitosis produces identical cells, Meiosis produces different
What is the relationship between monomers and polymers?
Monomers make up Polymers
If a cell has busted, it was likely placed in what type of solution?
Hypotonic
What is another word for the Kreb's Cycle and where does it take place?
Citric Acid Cycle, Mitochondrial Matrix
What do spindle fibers do?
Move chromosomes
What are the 8 phases of Meiosis?
Pro, Meta, Ana, Telo I and Pro, Meta, Ana, Telo II
__________ are the ONLY macromolecules that can be made up of chains of only Carbon and Hydrogen.
Lipids
What are the functions of the following cell organelles:
Ribosomes, Lysosomes, Mitochondria, Centriole, Cytoskeleton
Make proteins, break down wastes, energy, assist in cell division, framework
What is the difference between ATP and ADP?
ATP has three phosphates, ADP has 2.
What are the 4 phases of the cell cycle and what happens in each?
G1, S, G2, M phase
Give an example of the following genotypes:
Homozygous Recessive
Homozygous Dominant
Heterozygous
tt, TT, Tt
What is metabolism?
Chemical reactions that convert food into energy.
What are the 3 components of the cell theory and which scientist is credited with each component?
Hooke: Cells are the basic unit of structure and function
Schleiden/Schwaan: All living things are made of cells
Virchow: Cells come from pre-existing cells
Name the reactants and products of Photosynthesis
Reactants: Carbon Dioxide, Water
Products: Sugar, Oxygen
Prophase: Chromosomes visible
Metaphase: Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell
Anaphase: Chromosomes pull apart
Telophase: Nuclear envelope reforms
Construct a Punnett square with the following information:
A homozygous recessive plant (tt) is crossed with a heterozygous plant.
Tt, Tt, tt, tt