Spaghetti Renais-sauce
Decimated the population of Europe in the 14th century
Black Death
He is considered to be the “father” of the Protestant Reformation
Martin Luther
The belief that God has granted absolute rule for the monarchs
Divine right of kings
The Third Estate’s conviction not to give up until France would have a new constitution
Tennis court oath
A small island off the coast of Italy from which Napoleon escaped to return to France
Elba
When the head of the Catholic Church relocated from Rome to France
Avignon papacy
These were sold by the Catholic Church to remove the penalties of sin
Indulgences
The followers of Oliver Cromwell/Parliament during the English Civil War
Roundheads
Now celebrated as French independence day, it was the event in which a mob wanted to free political prisoners and capture gunpowder
Storming the Bastille
The coup d’etat that brought Napoleon to power is known as this
18th of Brumaire
A series of three wars fought between England and France
Hundred Years’ War
King Henry IV of France granted religious freedoms to the Huguenots with this law
Edict of Nantes
Term given to the deposition of James II and Parliament choosing William of Orange and Mary to rule England instead
Glorious Revolution
Named after one of the French Republican calendar months, it was the events that began with the overthrow of Robespierre in July 1794
Thermidorian Reaction
The system of civil governance, which abolished feudalism and rolled back some women’s rights, is commonly referred to as this
Napoleonic Code
The theory of education or knowledge through classical studies
Humanism
The publication for the liturgy of the Anglican Church
Book of Common Prayer
Known as the “Sun King,” he presided over increasing bureaucratic centralization in France
Louis XIV
The was published as a statement of intent for the future government
Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen
Napoleon’s attempt to consolidate further control over his ally Spain in 1808 led to this, characterized by guerrilla tactics
Peninsular War
Potential precursor to the Reformation, this period of time saw two (and sometimes three) different popes attempting to rule the Catholic Church
Great Schism
The Latin phrase meaning the true authority of the church is the Bible itself
Sola Scriptura
He sought to make royal power supreme and strengthen France in European affairs during the reign of Louis XIII
Cardinal Richelieu
Although he lied about the monarchy’s finances, he was popular with the masses and repeatedly brought back by the king
Jacques Necker
This dish was named in honor of Arthur Wellesley after he defeated Napoleon at the Battle of Waterloo
Beef Wellington