Taste & Task Load
What impact does task load have on taste perception according to Van der Wal & Van Dillen (2013)?
a. Task load increases taste perception
b. Task load does not affect taste perception
c. Task load reduces taste perception
C! Task load reduces taste perception.
How does cognitive load influence self-regulation, according to Van Dillen, Papies & Hofmann (2013)?
a. can facilitate self-regulation
b. inhibits self-regulation
c. causes impulsive behaviors
A! Cognitive load can facilitate self-regulation.
If someone makes a healthy choice, they will always feel positive about their decision and not regret it.
A. True
B. False
False! Outcome independent emotions show that the conflict itself illicit negative emotions, and regret can also be felt after resisting indulgence.
What is the main argument of Vosgerau, Scopelliti & Huh (2020) regarding self-control and pleasure?
A. Exerting self-control does not always sacrifice pleasure
B. Self-control always sacrifices pleasure
C. Pleasure and self-control are not related
A! Exerting self-control does not necessarily require sacrificing pleasure.
In the study, what sensory aspect was primarily measured to assess the effect of task load?
a. sense of smell
b. taste sensitivity
c. sight
B! Taste sensitivity or perception.
How does cognitive load help with resisting temptations?
a. Cognitive load disrupts decision-making processes
b. Cognitive load distracts individuals from focusing on temptations
c. Cognitive load causes individuals to focus more on temptations
B! Cognitive load distracts individuals from focusing on temptations, weakening their impact.
What is the "self-control conflict" in the context of eating behavior?
A. Conflict between intra/inter personal expectations
B. Tension between indulgence and self-restraint
C. Conflict about self-worth and social norms
B! The self-control conflict refers to the tension between indulging in tasty food and the goal of self-restraint.
What common misconception about self-control do the authors challenge?
A. self control does not relate to pleasure
B. that self-control is associated with less pleasure
C. self-control causes more pleasure
B! The misconception that self-control is inherently associated with less pleasure.
What type of task load did the study use to reduce taste perception?
a. Emotional Load
b. Cognitive Load
c. Physical Load
B! Cognitive task load.
What type of cognitive tasks were used in the study to measure their effect on self-regulation?
A. Executive Function Tasks
B. Attention Tasks
C. Working Memory Tasks
C! Working memory tasks.
How does this emotional reaction affect future self-control?
A. They will reduce the motivation to do it again
B. They will increase the motivation to do it again
A! Negative emotional reactions can reduce the motivation to exert self-control in the future.
How do the authors explain the relationship between self-control and satisfaction?
A. self-control can lead to great satisfaction
B. self-control decreases satisfaction
C. self-control does not relate to satisfaction
A! They argue that self-control can lead to a more profound satisfaction, as it aligns actions with long-term goals.
How did task load affect participants’ ability to differentiate between flavors
a. Task load did not affect flavor differentiation
b. Task load made it easier to differentiate flavor
c. Task load made it harder to differentiate flavor
C! Task load made it harder for participants to differentiate between flavors, especially subtle ones.
What did Van Dillen, Papies & Hofmann’s (2013) hypothesize cognitive load does to stimuli salience?
A. Cognitive load reduces the salience of stimuli
B. Cognitive load increases the salience of stimuli
C. Cognitive load and stimuli perception are irrelevant
A! The hypothesis was that cognitive load would reduce the salience of tempting stimuli, thus improving self-regulation.
What role does anticipated regret play in self-control conflicts?
A. Can influence self-control conflicts, deterring indulgence
B. Does not play a role
C. Can influence confidence about eating
A! Anticipated regret can influence decisions during self-control conflicts, potentially deterring indulgence.
What empirical evidence do they use to support their claim that self-control does not equal sacrificing pleasure?
A. higher levels of short-term satisfaction
B. higher levels of long-term satisfaction
C. equal satisfaction between long and short term
B! The authors present studies where individuals exercising self-control report higher levels of long-term satisfaction and pleasure.
What do the findings imply about the availability of cognitive resources?
a. limited availability, diversion cognitive resources
b. always readily available, regardless of task load
c. no cognitive resources, its just motivation
A! High task load may divert cognitive resources from sensory processing, demonstrating the influence of attention on perception.
What were the long-term implications of their findings for behavior in self-control situations?
A. Cognitive load can enhance self-regulation
B. Cognitive load can't enhance self-regulation
C. Marketers should use lack of self-control for higher revenue
A! The findings suggest that cognitive load might be used strategically to enhance self-regulation in environments full of temptations.
What are the 3 key emotions associated with self-control conflicts?
A. Happiness, Joy
B. Guilt, regret, and pride
C. Anxiety
B! Guilt, regret, and pride
What practical implications do Vosgerau, Scopelliti & Huh (2020) propose for consumer behavior?
A. consumers should maximize self-control and pleasure
B. consumers should restrain regardless of pleasure
A. They suggest that consumers can make choices that maximize both self-control and pleasure, leading to better overall outcomes without feeling deprived.