Light
frequency
wavelength
The process of organizing and interpreting ___ information, enabling us to recognize meaningful objects and events.
sensory
bottom-up processing
Starting with the sensory input, the brain attempts to understand/make sense.
change blindness
failing to notice changes in the visual environment
parapsychology
The study of paranormal phenomena, including ESP and psychokinesis (the ability of the mind to move objects)
amplitude
height
what organs are involved in perception?
top-down processing
Guided by experience and higher-level processes, we see what we expect to see.
psychophysics
study of relationships between the physical characteristics of stimuli and psychological experience of them
priming
activation, often unconsciously, of certain associations, thus predisposing one’s perception, memory, or response
what frequency of light can humans see?
We can see light waves with a frequency of a little less than 400nm and a little more than 700nm
perceptual set
a mental predisposition to perceive one thing and not another
selective attention
tendency to focus on just a particular stimulus among the many that are being received
absolute threshold
minimum stimulation needed to detect a particular stimulus 50 percent of the time
subliminal stimuli
not detectable 50% of the time. They are below your absolute threshold
what are the differences between rods and cones?
rods: retinal photoreceptors that detect black, white, and gray, and are sensitive to movement
cones: retinal photoreceptors that are concentrated near the center of the retina and function in daylight or in well-lit conditions
Sensory adaptation
diminished sensitivity to stimuli as a consequence of constant stimulation
selective inattention
we are in only one place at a time and so we miss salient objects that are available to be sensed
difference threshold
The minimum difference between two stimuli required for detection 50 percent of the time.
weber's law
To be able to tell the difference between degrees of stimulation, two stimuli must differ by a constant minimum percentage
ex: Two lights must differ in intensity by 8% for you to notice the change
name the parts of the eye. there are 8
pupil, cornea, lens, iris, fovea, blind spot, optic nerve (to brain)
The process by which our sensory receptors and nervous system _____ and ____ stimulus energies from our environment.
receive, represent
inattentional blindness
failing to see visible objects when our attention or focus is directed elsewhere
transduction
give an example
conversion of one form of energy into another form,
light waves --> neural impulses that our brain can interpret
ESP
The controversial claim that awareness can occur apart from sensory input
ex telepathy