NEURO/EYES
Its made up of the brain and spinal cord and is involuntary
CNS central nervous system
Known as an opacity within the lens these are mostly age-related (senile cataracts), but they can be associated with other factors. These include blunt or penetrating trauma, smoking, alcohol use, radiation or UV light exposure, certain drugs (e.g., steroids), and ocular inflammation.
What are Cataracts?
Eyes that turn away from each other
Exotropia
This type of stroke occurs when an embolus lodges in and occludes a cerebral artery, resulting in infarction and edema of the area supplied by the involved vessel.
What is an Embolic stroke?
This type of seizure starts over wide areas of both sides of the brain. They are characterized by bilateral, synchronous epileptic discharges from the onset of the seizure. In most cases, the patient has impaired awareness for a few seconds to several minutes
What are generalized-onset seizures?
Heart rate, salivary glands, sweat glands, and smooth muscle tissue
autonomic nervous system
What are the main types of Glaucoma and what is the cause of each?
Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is the most common type of glaucoma- outflow of aqueous humor is decreased in the trabecular meshwork
Angle-closure glaucoma (ACG) is due to a reduction in the outflow of aqueous humor that results from angle-closure
Acute angle-closure glaucoma (AACG) may be precipitated by situations in which the pupil stays partially dilated long enough to cause an acute and significant rise in the IOP. This may occur because of drug-induced mydriasis, emotional excitement, or darkness.
Very contagious, caused by bacteria, virus, allergy, or foreign body. Treated with antibiotic ointments and eye drops.
What is Conjunctivitis?
The prognosis after or during a stroke is related to what?
What is the amount of brain tissue deprived of its blood supply?
This type of seizure is the most common generalized-onset motor seizure. During this type of seizure, the patient loses consciousness and falls to the ground, if upright.
What is a tonic-clonic or grand mal seizure?
Increased intraocular pressure may occur because of?
What is increased aqueous humor production or blockage of the outflow?
A person with this cannot consistently focus both eyes simultaneously on the same object.
What is Strabismus?
One eye may deviate in (esotropia), out (exotropia), up (hypertropia), or down (hypotropia)
This is a progressive disorder leading to an accumulation of endolymph in the membranous labyrinth, the etiology is unknown.
What is Meniere's disease?
This term refers to impaired ability to communicate.
What is dysphasia?
This type usually occurs only in children and rarely beyond adolescence. This type of seizure may stop altogether as the child matures, or it may evolve into another type of seizure. This is marked by a brief staring spell that resembles daydreaming.
What is an absence seizure?
When examining the patient’s eyes, which finding would be of most concern to the nurse?
Intraocular pressure of 16 mm/Hg
Small, white nodule on the upper lid margin
Small, white nodule on the upper lid margin
This is a noninflammatory, usually bilateral disease with a familial tendency.
What is Keratoconus?
Common infection of childhood symptoms present as restlessness, shaking of the head, pain, fever, and irritability.
What is Otitis Media, or an "ear infection"?
These are the types of aphasia:
What are...
receptive aphasia (loss of comprehension)
expressive aphasia (inability to produce language)
or global aphasia (total inability to communicate)?
This type may cause sensory, motor, cognitive, or emotional manifestations based on the function of the involved area of the brain.
What is a focal onset seizure?
What should be included in the discharge teaching for the patient who had cataract surgery (select all that apply)?
a. Eye discomfort is often relieved with mild analgesics.
b. A decline in visual acuity is common for the first week.
c. Stay on bed rest and limit activity for the first few days.
d. Notify the provider if an increase in redness or drainage occurs.
e. Following activity restrictions is essential to reduce intraocular pressure.
a. Eye discomfort is often relieved with mild analgesics.
d. Notify the provider if an increase in redness or drainage occurs
e. Following activity restrictions is essential to reduce intraocular pressure.
An infection of the meibomian glands in the lid margin (Fig. 20.8). The most common bacterial infective agent is Staphylococcus aureus which is treated with warm saline compresses, and ophthalmic antibiotic ointments, and should never be squeezed.
What is External Hordeolum, or a STY?
What are the types of hearing loss?
Conductive [middle ear structures]
Sensorineural [nerves involved]
Mixed [conductive and sensorineural]
Central and functional [damage to the brain]
Health promotion in relation to stroke needs to focus on which risk modifications?
What are (1) a healthy diet, (2) weight control, (3) regular exercise, (4) no smoking, (5) limiting alcohol consumption, (6) BP management, and (7) routine health assessments?
This is a state of continuous seizure activity or a condition in which seizures recur in rapid succession without return to consciousness between seizures
What is Status epilepticus? (SE) is defined as any seizure lasting longer than 5 minutes. The longer a seizure lasts, the less likely it is to stop without drug therapy