Chapter 12
True or False: In HRM, performance appraisal is only used to decide pay and promotions.
False — it is also used for feedback, training needs, and employee development.
True or False: Equity Theory suggests that employees compare their input-output ratio to others to judge fairness.
True
True or False: Overachievers are always good for organizations because they are ambitious and driven.
False
What is the main goal of Human Resource Management (HRM)?
To recruit, develop, and retain a workforce that helps the organization achieve its goals.
Motivation is about the direction, effort, and ________ of an employee’s work behavior.
Persistence
What does the article mean by the “overachiever trap”?
When strengths like ambition and drive are overused and turn into destructive behaviors.
Name the two key legal/ethical requirements HR must follow in recruitment and selection.
Equal employment opportunity (no discrimination) and fairness/transparency in hiring practices.
In Expectancy Theory, what do the three components — Expectancy, Instrumentality, and Valence — each mean?
Expectancy: Belief that effort will lead to performance.
Instrumentality: Belief that performance will lead to rewards.
Valence: Value placed on the rewards.
What key leadership qualities does the article say organizations must encourage to balance the overachiever’s drive?
Emotional intelligence, humility, and collaboration.
Which motivation theory best explains why a well-designed performance appraisal system can increase employee motivation.
Expectancy Theory — because clear links between effort, performance, and rewards boost motivation.