Political & Leadership
What is the right to command?
Authority
What is the exchange of goods for money between a buyer and seller?
ANSWER: Purchase
What term refers to belief in and worship of a higher power or sacred reality?
ANSWER: Religion
What relationship is based on blood, marriage, or adoption?
ANSWER: Kinship
What are shared expectations that guide behavior?
ANSWER: Norms
What is the highest form of political organization?
ANSWER: State
What is gift exchange where a return is expected?
Reciprocity
What are beliefs about what is sacred or supernatural called?
ANSWER: Religious beliefs
What is descent through the mother's line called?
ANSWER: Matrilineal descent
What are abstract ideas about what is good, right, or desirable?
ANSWER: Values
What are the four levels of political organization?
ANSWER: Band, Tribe, Chiefdom, State
What is the government process of distributing income from the wealthy to the less wealthy?
ANSWER: Redistribution
What is the organized system of beliefs and practices concerning the sacred called?
ANSWER: Religion
What is descent through the father's line called?
ANSWER: Patrilineal descent
Which norm is socially approved but not morally significant?
ANSWER: Folkway
Which authority is based on formal rules and laws?
ANSWER: Legal-rational authority
What type of loan is specifically associated with homeownership?
ANSWER: Mortgage
A leader gains followers because of extraordinary personal qualities. Which type of authority could this resemble in Weber's classification?
ANSWER: Charismatic authority
A family traces its ancestry through both the mother's and father's sides. What system is this?
ANSWER: Bilateral descent
A behavior is considered absolutely forbidden by a culture. What type of norm is it?
ANSWER: Taboo
A government has power to regulate all people and institutions within its territory. What dimension of sovereignty is demonstrated?
ANSWER: Internal sovereignty
A person receives money without providing a good or service in return. What economic mechanism is this?
ANSWER: Transfer payment
How can religion function as a social institution?
ANSWER: By providing shared beliefs, values, practices, identity, and social cohesion.
A person is related to another through marriage rather than blood. What type of kinship relationship is this?
ANSWER: Affinal kinship
Why are norms important to society?
ANSWER: They guide behavior and help maintain social order.