Terms
Theological credo of the New England Puritans based on the teachings of John Calvin who believed in predestination - that only "the elect" were destined for salvation.
What is Calvinism?
German friar who started the Protestant Reformation when he nailed a list of grievances against the Catholic Church to the door of a cathedral in 1517.
Who is Martin Luther?
The Pilgrims founded this colony in Massachusetts.
What is Plymouth?
Founded by William Penn as a safe haven for Quakers.
What is Pennsylvania?
This Southern Colony was known as the "child of tobacco."
What is Virginia?
Small group of Puritans who sought to break away entirely from the Church of England.
Who are the Separatists?
First governor of Massachusetts Bay Colony; devout Puritan who preached about a "city upon a hill."
Who is John Winthrop?
This colony was founded by Puritans to be a model pious community.
What is Massachusetts Bay?
Religious group that tolerated all religions, were anti-war, friendly with natives, and advocated for equality for all.
What are the Quakers?
Lord Baltimore founded Maryland as a safe haven for this group.
What are Catholics?
Series of laws passed to regulate colonial shipping; the acts provided that only English ships would be allowed to trade in English and colonial ports and that all goods destined for the colonies would first pass through England.
What are the Navigation Laws?
Wampanoag chief who led a brutal campaign against Puritan settlements in New England between 1675 and 1676; later captured, beheaded, and put on display to deter natives from rebelling.
Who is Metacom (King Philip)?
Adult males who belonged to Puritan congregations were called this.
What is freemen?
The Middle Colonies were built upon this type of economy.
What is industry and manufacturing?
What are "squatters?"
First formal statute governing the treatment of slaves, which provided for harsh punishments against offending slaves but lacked penalties for the mistreatment of slaves by masters; later adopted by southern plantation societies on the North American mainland.
What is the Barbados slave code?
Much-loathed administrator of the Dominion of New England who established strict control, did away with town meetings and popular assemblies, and taxed colonists without their consent.
Who is Sir Edmond Andros?
Drafted by settlers in the Connecticut River valley, this document was the first "modern constitution" establishing a democratically controlled government.
What is the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut?
New Jersey and Delaware were created from land that initially belonged to this colony.
What is Pennsylvania?
Plantation owners from Barbados in need of land brought slaves to settle in this Southern Colony.
What is South Carolina?
Belief that the elect need not obey the law of either God or man; most notably espoused in the colonies by Anne Hutchinson.
What is antinomianism?
Leading founder of Georgia, advocated for prison reform, and established the colony as a safe haven for English debtors.
Who is James Oglethorpe?
Weak union of the colonies in Massachusetts and Connecticut led by Puritans for the purposes of defense and organization; an early attempt at self-government during the benign neglect of the English Civil War.
What is the New England Confederation?
The Middle Colonies of New York, New Jersey, Delaware, and Pennsylvania were known as this due to their production of grain.
What are "bread colonies?"
This Southern Colony was founded by James Oglethorpe as a safe haven for debtors; acted as a buffer zone against the Spanish in Florida.
What is Georgia?