Cardiovascular
The hallmark macrophages of acute rheumatic heart disease, often described as ‘caterpillar cells’.
Anitschkow cells
This drug class inhibits thyroid peroxidase, blocking iodination/organification and coupling reactions required to form T₃&T₄.
Thioureylenes
This classification is reflected when a drug’s effect is limited to growth suppression, leaving final clearance to immune mechanisms.
bacteriostatic
A patient with hypertension resembling the essential type but showing RAAS overactivity and a surgically correctable vascular lesion most likely has this disorder
renovascular hypertension due to renal artery stenosis.
By permitting synthesis to recover while secretion stays suppressed, this treatment generates a thyroid rich in stored hormone but poor in circulating hormone
Iodine therapy
Best test to investigate a prenatal ultrasound abnormality when you need an agnostic, genome‑wide assessment of gains or losses.
microarray
This structural adaptation reflects the ventricle’s attempt to accommodate increased diastolic load by lengthening fibres rather than thickening.
volume‑overload hypertrophy
Although gamma rays escape the gland, the clinically relevant injury results from the limited‑penetration radiation responsible for the delayed cytotoxic effect
Beta radiation
This pharyngeal arch is the embryologic source of the stylopharyngeus, this muscle is innervated by cranial nerve IX
3rd Pharyngeal Arch
This view is essential for hemodynamic assessment because it allows simultaneous evaluation of both atria and ventricles, enabling measurements of diastolic dysfunction, valvular regurgitation, and cardiac output
apical four‑chamber view electrocardiogram
In thyroid storm, immediate stabilisation requires a drug class used to blunt severe adrenergic excess before iodine and hydrocortisone take effect
Propranolol - non-selective beta-blocker
This congenital heart condition features RVOT obstruction, VSD, overriding aorta, and RV hypertrophy
tetralogy of fallot
A reversible post‑ischemic prolonged contractile dysfunction that resolves after several days with almost complete restoration of metabolic function
Stunned myocardium
Both carbimazole and PTU can rarely cause this life‑threatening adverse effect, often presenting with fever and sore throat
agranulocytosis
This thyroid disorder shows a diffusely enlarged, hypervascular gland with a beefy deep‑red parenchyma and follicles lined by tall, crowded epithelium actively resorbing colloids, creating the classic scalloped edges.
Graves’ / diffuse toxic goitre