Background
What was the name of the state that was involved in this case?
North Carolina
What was the amendment that was used?
The 14th Amendment
What was the vote ratio?
5–4
Does Shaw v. Reno still affect elections today?
What census year was involved for this case?
The year 1990
What was the clause specifically?
The Equal Protection Clause
Was the district upheld or struck down?
Struck down
What does the case restrict?
Extreme racial gerrymandering
What shape was the district described as in our presentation?
A snake or bizarre shape
What was the type of gerrymandering that was challenged?
Racial gerrymandering
What standard must race-based districts meet?
Strict scrutiny
Name a modern state affected by this precedent.
North Carolina or Alabama
Why did North Carolina create a second majority-Black district?
Because the Department of Justice told them to
Is race allowed to be a factor in redistricting?
Yes, but not the predominant factor
Why did the shape matter to the Court?
It showed race was the main factor
What must states justify when drawing districts?
Their use of race