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Single-System Designs (SSDs)
Measurement
Types of SSD Design
Scales & Logs
Behavior Observation
100
Provides immediate information so the practitioner can monitor changes (or lack of) in the client's problem and adjust practice accordingly.
What is the benefit does a single-system design do for a practitioner?
100
The level of measurement that provides information about whether one category is qualitatively different from another, i.e. mutually exclusive.
What is the nominal level of measurement?
100
The B (Intervention Only) design.
What is the SSD most frequently used by practitioners?
100
An exploratory log.
What is the type of log that is a beginning point, a gathering of information and helpful for defining just what a client's problem(s) may be and the circumstances around that problem/those problems?
100
The behavioral observation in which the number of times a behavior occurs is counted/tracked/recorded during a given period of time.
What is a frequency count?
200
The difference between SSDs and experimental/control group designs as far as how many clients are involved. In SSDs there is one client or one client group; whereas in experimental designs, at least two groups are involved.
What is the number of clients involved?
200
The level of measurement that has as one of its key components a true, defined zero point.
What is the ratio level of measurement?
200
The baseline phase or repeated baseline phases.
What is the A phase in SSDs?
200
The prepared log will provide structure to the client's documentation and make their notes seem more focused and relevant.
What is the reason a client log should be on a prepared form (vs free-style notes in a journal)?
200
Doing this will prevent your behavior recording system from becoming cumbersome or aversive to those doing the recording.
What is make the recording system as simple as possible?
300
The ______ of single-system design (SSD) is relatively low; whereas the ______ of experimental/control designs can run quite high when accounting for things such as research specialists, and activities such as data collection, analysis, and report writing.
What is cost?
300
The type of measurement definition that assigns meaning to a concept, in terms of the activities or operations needed in order to measure it?
What is the operational definition?
300
Sometimes a client’s behavior or problem is so severe that the practitioner cannot wait to establish a baseline and must begin with an intervention.
What is a rationale for a practitioner choosing the BAB design?
300
The number of dimensions (problems) that an individualized rating scale (IRS) should measure.
What is one? An IRS should measure one problem per scale. If the practitioner/client want to measure more than one problem using an IRS, separate scales should be designed for each problem.
300
For purposes of practice evaluation, behaviors must be these two things.
What is measurable and can be counted?
400
The findings of SSDs are directly and immediately useful in informing the intervention. The findings relate to the specific client case and are immediately available to the practitioner and client, allowing for adjustments to be made to the intervention as indicated.
What is the usefulness for intervention of findings in SSDs?
400
Accuracy is to validity as ___________ is to reliability.
What is consistency?
400
The SSD design that allows one to establish causality (or a causal inference).
What is the ABAB design?
400
Brief, explicit labels corresponding with the intervals on an IRS explaining what the numbers along the scale represent.
What are anchors?
400
To improve this in behavioral observation, it is best to have two observers and to compare their observations.
What is reliability?