Types of Shock
Which type of shock can be caused by dehydration?
What is hypovolemic shock?
What are the two main cardiac changes occurring with shock?
What is increased HR and decreased BP?
What is the priority collaborative intervention?
What is administering oxygen?
Start off with how many liters?
What medication is used in anaphylaxis and what is its action?
What is epinephrine which causes vasoconstriction?
What is the result of untreated shock?
What is organ failure and/or death?
What stage does rapid loss of consciousness, nonpalpable pulse, cold, dusky extremities; slow, shallow respirations; and unmeasurable oxygen saturation occur?
DOUBLE JEOPARDY :)
What is REFRACTORY STAGE?
What happens to the urine output during shock?
What is decreases?
Once the patient is stable, what is the nurse's main responsibility?
What is monitoring the patient's progress?
What two specific types of IV fluids would be given during shock?
What is crystalloid and colloid fluid?
What are three common allergens that can cause anaphylaxis?
What are peanuts, bee stings, shellfish, eggs, legumes, berries, bananas, pollens, molds, and latex?
Name TWO things that are included in a neurological assessment and how often would you assess them?
What is assess orientation (orient to person, place, time, events) and level of consciousness (LOC-GCS)
Interventions: Reduce noise and light levels in ICU/Keep a day-night cycle
•How often: Assess the patient’s neurologic status, at least every 1 to 2 hours.
•The patient’s neurologic status is the best indicator of cerebral blood flow.****
Be aware of the clinical manifestations that may indicate neurologic involvement (e.g., changes in behavior, restlessness, hyperalertness, blurred vision, confusion, paresthesia).
What are some early neuromuscular changes occurring with shock?
What is anxiety, restlessness, and thirst?
What are three things the nurse would monitor related to cardiac function?
What is rhythm, rate, blood pressure, CVP, capillary refill, skin color and temperature?
:)
•Continuous ECG , BP, CVP, PA pressures
•CO, SVR, SVV
•Monitor for dysrhythmias
•Do not treat hypotension with Trendelenberg position
•Heart sounds: murmurs, S3, S4
What is any problem impairing oxygen delivery to tissues and organs can precipitate shock where oxygenation and tissue perfusion needs not met and lead to a life-threatening emergency?
What is SHOCK?
What is the sequence of cell damage caused by massive release of toxic metabolites and enzymes occurs first in liver, heart, brain, kidney?
What is an MODS?
Fluid volume is not affected by this type of shock and results from the impaired ability of the heart to pump.
What is cardiogenic shock?
What is mainly produced in muscle cells and red blood cells. It forms when the body breaks down carbohydrates to use for energy when oxygen levels are low.
What is Lactic acid?
Times when your body's oxygen level might drop include:
What are four things would the nurse monitor related to respiratory function?
What is the respiratory rate, rhythm, and depth, and oxygen saturation?
What is the Ejection fraction is a measurement of the percentage of blood leaving your heart each time it squeezes (contracts)?
DOUBLE JEOPARDY*
What is ejection fraction? Normal range? for extra 400pts?
What are two important education pieces for people with severe allergies?
What is wearing a medical alert band and always carrying an EpiPen?
Name four methods of managing a patient with MODS?
What is ... or What are?
•Fluid resuscitation and hemodynamic support
•Identification and treatment of infection
•Prevention of infection
•Maintenance of tissue oxygenation
•Nutritional and metabolic support
•Comfort and emotional support
•Support for individual organ function
This law explains the effects of preload and states that the more a myocardial fiber is stretched during filling, the more it shortens during systole and the greater the force of the contraction?
What is Frank-Starling’s law :)?
What are three devices that the nurse might use to monitor a hemodynamically unstable patient in a critical care setting?
What is intra-arterial pressure (ARTERIAL PRESSURE), CENTRAL VENOUS PRESSURE (CVP), pulmonary arterial pressure (PA)/pulmonary capillary wedge pressures (PAWP)?
•Continuous arterial BP monitoring is indicated for patients in many situations, including acute hypertension and hypotension, respiratory failure, shock, neurologic injury, coronary interventional procedures, continuous infusion of vasoactive drugs (e.g., sodium nitroprusside [Nitropress]), and frequent arterial blood gas (ABG) sampling.
•CVP is a measurement of right ventricular preload and reflects fluid volume problems.
•PA diastolic (PAD) pressure and PAWP are sensitive indicators of cardiac function and fluid volume status.
What is the action and purpose of a vasoconstrictor, name one medication?
It helps to constrict the blood vessels to maintain blood pressure and venous return
methoxamine, phenylephrine, and norepinephrine
What are the 4 types (with sub types) stages of shock IN ORDER? What are two complications before mortality?
What is
*Hypovolemic, Cardiogenic, Obstructive and Distributive (sepsis, neurogenic, anaphalaxis)
*initial, compensatory, progressive, and refractory
*SIRS and MODS