cytokinesis/meiosis
when does cytokinesis start
it begins during telophase
what happens in prophase that only happens once
crossing over
what happens in prophase 1
crossing over
chromatin coil up into rods(chromatids)
homologous pairs come together and their sister chromotids, undergo crossing over (changing them slightly)
crossing over creates increased genetic diversity in the cell
what happens in prophase 2
no tetrad formed
chromosomes are easily visible (they didn't uncoil from previous step)
nuclear membrane dissolves and spindle fibers start to reach out towards the chromosomes
heredity
what would happen if two cells combined in sexual reproduction
there would be far to much DNA to be compatable with life
chromosomes lie next to each other forming a what
tetrad
what happens in metaphase 1
spindle fibers push/pull homologus pairs (in their teterads) so they line up along the middle of the cell
what happens in metaphase 2
spindle fibers attach to chromosomes centramere
homologus are lined up single file along the cells equator
the scientific study of heredity is called what
genetics
how many chromosomes would the daughter cells have
92-184
meiosis 1 is preceded by the synthesis of DNA and replication of the chromosomes is in what phase
interphase
homologus pairs are pulled to the opposite end of the cell
what happens in anaphase 2
sister chromotids spererate and are pulled to opposite ends of the cell
traits are transmitted by means of what
hint rod-shaped structures within the nucleus
chromosomes
chromosomes in somatic cells occur in pairs called what
homologus pairs
what is the process where homologous chromosomes come together
synapis
what happens in telophase 1
nuclear membrane forms around each cluster of chromosomes
cell membrane starts to pinch together
spindle fibers start to degrade
what happens in telophase 2
pinching together of cell membrane
nuclear membrane reforms
chromatids reform
units of heredity are called what
genes
humans have 46 chromosomes with 23 pairs of homologs this is said to be what
a human gamete has only 23 chromosomes and is said to be what (N)
diploid
haploid
meiosis 1 (reduction division) does what
and meiosis 2 does what
homologous chromosomes seperate
sister chromotids from each chromosome seperate from one another
meiosis 1 is reduced division. It reduces the number of chromosomes from what to what
diploid (2) to the haploid (n) number
meiosis in male cells results in four cells that differentiate or change into what.
meiosis in female cells results in only one viable egg cell as the what divides unequally
cytoplasm
who is considered the father of genetics