Protestant Reformation
The Reformation began as a movement to bring about changes in this institution.
Roman Catholic Chorcher
This was introduced from China, which intensified war and battles.
Gunpowder.
For centuries, Europeans used this route to trade.
The Silk Road
The four countries wealthy enough to start the Age of Exploration
France, England, Spain, Portugual
The ability to read or write.
A German priest and professor credited with starting the reformation movement.
Martin Luther
The biggest element that creates shared identity between people.
Language
The Age of Exploration stretched between these centuries.
The 15th - 17th century
This is how the printing press contributed to increased trade and profit for wealthy European countries.
The science of mapmaking
Cartography
Wrote 95 Church reforms and gave them to the head of the Roman Catholic Church.
This caused national pride amongst Germans.
The birth of the Protestant Reformation.
The Age of Exploration was also sometimes called this instead.
The Age of Discovery
The Age of Conquest
The Age of Dang-Dang-Bitty-Kitties
The issue with the astrolabe as a navigational tool.
It can only be used at night.
Selling services for money, especially military services.
MErcenary
The two views of religion that existed before the Protestant Reformation.
one believed that individuals should follow the rules, rituals, and teachings of the Roman Catholic Church; one believed that individuals should question and respond to the Bible personally.
Societies were becoming this in Europe, which was creating allegiances between the wealthy monarchs and merchants.
Urban - move from farms to cities
The first Europeans to reach the shores of North/South America.
The Vikings BABABAYYY!
The main trade route to Asia connected the Mediterranean to this body of water.
The Black Sea HOW CAN IT BEEE??
A government police encouraging territorial or economic expansion to other countries by force.
Expansionism
HOLY CABIBBLE BOO BATMAN!
The Pope who declared 41 of Luther's reforms as heresy.
Leo the THIRD III THREE BABYYY
Taxes paid for these which were created for the first time and brought a sense of national pride to countries.
Permanent Armies
Italian and Muslim traders had control of this, meaning they controlled trade before the Age of Exploration.
The Mediterranean Sea
Italian merchants often wrote this on their account books.
"In the Name of God and Profit"
The Turks conquered this in 1453.
Constantinople