SI Session 5

Dynamic Bones (Gross Anatomy)

100

Prenatal skeletons are composed of what type of cells? 

Chondrocytes 

200

Define appositional. 

Widening of the bone, adding bone to the outer layer. 

300

What are the four zones of bone growth in the epiphyseal plate? 

Zone of resting cartilage

Zone of proliferating cartilage

Zone of hypertrophic cartilage

Zone of calcified cartilage

400

After an injury what are the three phases the bone undergoes. 

1. Reactive 2. Repair 3. Remodel 

500

Explain the differences between endogenous vs exogenous. 

Endogenous: lengthening in bone 

Exogenous: widening in bone 

Macro Bone Structure

100

What are the three primary regions of a long bone? 

Diaphysis, Epiphysis, Metaphysis 

200

What are the two different types of bone structure? 

Compact and spongy 

300

What is the main nutrient source for the bone? 

Nutrient Artery 

400

Explain the difference in the epiphyseal line and plate. 

Plate: continual growth 

Line: growth is terminated 

500

What is the difference between the periosteum and the endosteum. 

Periosteum: lines the outside of the bone 

Ensosteum: lines the medullary cavity 

Bones in Adult Skeleton

100

How many bones are in the adult skeleton? 

206 

200

What is an example of an irregular bone? 

Vertebea 

300

How many gross bone shapes are there? 

5 

400

How many bones are in the axil skeleton and the appendicular skeleton? 

Axil- 80 bones 

Appendicular- 126 bones 

500

What are sesamoid bones always embedded in? 

Tendons 

Cranial Bones

100

Define the word pneumatized. 

Air pockets inside of bones, most are sinuses 

200

How many bones make up the cranial cavity? 

8 bones 

300

What is the dome of the cranial cavity called? 

The calvaria 

400

What is a paired bone? 

A bone that has a left and right. 

500

What parts of the cranial cavity do the temporal bones makeup? 

Inferior, lateral cranium, and cranial floor. 

Cranial Bones Surface Markings

100

What suture separates the two parietal bones? 

Sagittal Suture 

200

The frontal suture articulates which two bones? 

Temporal and parietal 

300

What is the foramen magnum? 

Passage of the central nervous system; connecting brain with the spinal cord. 

400

What is the anatomical name for our cheekbone? 

Zygomatic process/ arch. The articulation of the temporal and zygomatic bones. 

500

What is TMJ? 

The only moveable joint in the cranium. The mandibular fossa articulation with the temporal bone.