Gastro-Intestinal Emergencies
What is a Hematoma?
Swelling/Pooling of clotted blood, internal bleeding into bodily cavity; AEB red/purple discoloration of skin.
Name a sign or symptom of hypothermia.
Increased breathing rate
Increased pulse rate and blood pressure
Slow, thick speech
Staggering walk
Sluggish pupils
Uncontrollable shivering
True or False; When a C-collar is applied, C-spine precautions can be discontinued.
False, hold until higher authority discontinues.
Name a potential barrier to communication.
Language, Physical, Cognitive, Cultural, Environment, Technical.
Name a contraindication for Nitroglycerin.
BP under 100 systolic, PEDs.
Name a sign of Appendicitis?
Pain in RLQ, pain in RLQ on raising or extending right leg, Dunphy's sign (abdo pain when coughing).
Name a sign or symptom of heat stroke.
Seizures
Loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting
Altered mental status, possibly unconsciousness
Skin that may be moist, pale, and normal to cool in temperature, or hot and dry, or hot and moist
Name a mechanism of injury which could lead to spinal injury.
Car accident, Falls, Hangings, Blunt trauma, Penetrating trauma.
Rate of compressions for adult CPR.
100-120bpm.
Loss of consciousness, No pulse, No breathing, Fatigue, Dizziness, Shortness of breath, Nausea, Chest pain, Heart palpitations (fast or pounding heart beat).
Explain Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD). Basic answers accepted.
AKA acid reflux. Stomach contents rise up to the esophagus, causing pain. Long-term condition.
First consideration of emergency care when hot OR cold emergency is identified.
Remove casualty from environment, if possible.
Name a sign or symptom of Spinal Injury.
Respiratory distress, Tenderness at injury site, Pain along spinal column with movement, Constant or intermittent pain, Obvious deformity of spine, Soft tissue injury.
Just get the green light, OK?
Get it, cause CPR?
What does aspirin do to the body/why do we give it?
anti-platelet / prevent further clotting / slippery blood!
The liver is found in which abdominal quadrant?
Right Upper Quadrant (RUQ).
Name one of the five ways the body loses heat.
Convection
Conduction
Radiation
Evaporation
Respiration
Order of KED strap application.
Middle, Bottom, Legs, Head, Top.
Name a concept of Emergency Scene Management.
(hint: think 'survey')
Scene survey, Primary Survey, Secondary Survey, Ongoing casualty care.
Name a strategy to reduce risk of heart attack.
Smoking cessation, Activity, Heart-Healthy diet, Maintains healthy weight, Good sleep, Reduce stress.
Order of abdominal exam techniques?
Look, Listen, Feel.
What is the basic first-aid treatment of FROSTBITE.
Gently warm affected area; dress if pt can tolerate WITHOUT removing skin tissue.
SKILL; get the green for your team to perform skill.
Apply c-collar and explain sizing.
How could a bystander help in an emergency?
Make the area safe, Find all the casualties, Find a first aid kit, Control the crowd, Call for medical help, Help give first aid, Gather and protect casualty's belongings, Take notes, Reassure relatives, Lead paramedics to scene.
What the HECK is Prinzmetal's Angina?
Spasm in coronary artery, temporarily narrowing & reducing blood flow in the vessels that supply heart with blood, producing pain often during periods of rest.