Bone Basics
How many bones are typically found in the adult human skeleton?
206
What type of bone is longer than it is wide?
Long bone
Which skeletal division contains the skull, spine, and rib cage?
Axial skeleton
What joint allows the elbow to bend and straighten like a door?
Hinge joint
What is the long central shaft of a long bone called?
Diaphysis
What term describes the place where two bones meet?
Articulation or joint
The carpals of the wrist belong to what bone category?
Short bones
Which skeletal division includes the arms and legs?
Appendicular skeleton
What joint allows movement in many directions at the hip and shoulder?
Ball-and-socket joint
What are the enlarged ends of a long bone called?
Epiphysis
What connects a muscle to a bone?
Tendon
The sternum and ribs are examples of what bone shape?
Flat bones
What two girdles connect the limbs to the axial skeleton?
Pectoral and pelvic girdles
What type of joint allows the forearm to rotate during pronation and supination?
Pivot joint
What is the process of forming bone tissue called?
Ossification
What connects one bone to another bone?
Ligament
The vertebrae are classified as what type of bones?
Irregular bones
What is the name of the bony structure that protects the brain?
Skull or cranium
What type of joint at the base of the thumb helps it move across the palm?
Saddle joint
What bone-building cells can become osteocytes when trapped in the bone matrix?
Osteoblasts
What small, U-shaped bone in the neck does not directly articulate with another bone?
Hyoid bone
The patella is embedded in a tendon. What special category of bone is it?
Sesamoid bone
What three main structures make up the axial skeleton?
Skull, vertebral column, and thoracic cage
What is the term for a freely movable joint?
Diarthrosis
What are the mature cells that maintain bone tissue?
Osteocytes