Bone Functions
Which organ does the rib cage protect?
The heart and lungs
What is the smallest bone in your body?
The stapes (in the ear)
What are the five main types of bones in the human body?
Long, short, flat, irregular, and sesamoid bones.
Which bone connects your shoulder to your elbow?
The humerus.
Give one example of a hinge joint in your body?
The knee or the elbow.
What does bone marrow make inside your bones?
Blood cells
True or False: Babies are born with more bones than adults.
True
Which type of bone helps with movement and is found in your arms and legs?
Long bones (like the femur and humerus).
Which bones protect your spinal cord?
The vertebrae of the spine.
Which type of joint lets you move your arm or leg in many directions?
Ball-and-socket joint.
Explain how bones help you move even though they can’t move on their own.
Bones act as levers that muscles pull on, allowing movement when muscles contract.
Only movable bone in your skull?
The mandible
What type of bones protect important organs such as your brain, heart, and lungs?
Flat bones (like the skull, ribs, and sternum).
What two bones meet at your shoulder joint?
The clavicle (collarbone) and scapula (shoulder blade).
Why is the shoulder joint more flexible than the elbow joint?
The shoulder is a ball-and-socket joint that allows rotation; the elbow is a hinge joint that only bends one way.
What part of your body contains the strongest bone?
The thigh — the femur is the strongest bone.
How often does your skeleton completely replace itself with new bone tissue?
About every 7–10 years.
Which bones have unusual shapes that don’t fit other categories, like the vertebrae or jawbone?
Irregular bones.
What bones make up your arm below the elbow?
The radius and ulna
What tissues connect bone to bone and help joints stay stable?
Ligaments.
What’s unusual about the hyoid bone in your neck?
It’s the only bone not connected to another bone, it helps you speak and swallow.
What do we call the hard outer layer of bones?
Compact bone
Give one example of sesamoid bone
Knee cap (patella)
It connects the ribs and helps protect the heart and lungs.
The sternum
What do tendons connect in your body?
Tendons connect muscles to bones.