Bone Basics
What is the main function of the skeletal system?
Support and protect the body
How many bones are in the human body?
206
What is the upper arm bone?
Humerus
What condition causes low bone density?
Osteoporosis
What type of joint is the knee?
Hinge Joint
What is the name of the soft tissue inside bones that makes blood cells?
Bone Marrow
Why would a fractured sternum be life-threatening?
It protects the heart/lungs, damage could affect vital organs
Name the two bones in the forearm
Radius, Ulna
A fracture where the bone bends and cracks on only one side
Greenstick Fracture
What joint allows rotation of the head?
Pivot Joint
Why would a person with low calcium feel weaker over time?
The body removes calcium from bones, bones weaken
What type of bone makes up the skull and sternum?
Flat bone
Why do pelvic fractures risk massive internal bleeding?
Large blood vessels run through the pelvis
Why are older adults more vulnerable to hip fractures?
Loss of bone density, weaker balance
What is the function of synovial fluid? Name at least 1 function.
reduces friction, nourishes cartilage, absorbs shock, and helps keep joints stable and pain-free by allowing bones to glide smoothly
What is the term for the process of bone formation?
Ossification
Mandible
What three bones fuse to form the pelvis?
Ilium, ischium, pubis
What childhood condition is caused by vitamin D deficiency?
Rickets
What movement increases the angle between bones?
Extension
How could malnutrition affect bone growth in children?
Lack of nutrients slows ossification, bones grow weak or deformed
How does poor posture affect the spine over time?
Can cause abnormal curvature, stress on vertebrae, and pain.
Why are femur fractures dangerous in adults?
Femur has large blood vessels. Bleeding and shock risk
How can repeated stress fractures be prevented in athletes?
Gradual training, proper nutrition, rest.
How does arthritis affect joint movement?
Cartilage wears away, bones rub together, pain & limited motion