Axial Skeleton
What is another name for the breastbone?
Sternum
How many bones are in the human body?
206 bones
What two bones make up the shoulder girdle?
Clavicle and scapula
What are two important functions of the skeleton?
1. Support
2. Movement
3. Protection
How many bones are in the vertebrae column?
33 bones
How many ribs do most people have?
12 ribs
What is the longest and strongest bone in the body?
Femur (thighbone)
What is the most commonly fractured bone among elderly people in the appendicular skeleton?
Pelvic girdle (hip bone)
Name 4 types of bones
Long bone, short bone, flat bone, irregular bone
How many cervical vertebrae does one have?
7
What is the medical term for skull?
cranium
What is the smallest and lightest bone?
Stapes (in the middle ear)
Name the bones in your upper limb?
Humerus, ulna, radius, carpals, metacarpals, phalanges
Name 3 types of bone cells
Osteoblasts--that build the tissue
Osteocytes--that maintain bone tissue
Osteoclasts--cells that break down old bone tissue
How many thoracic vertebrae does one have?
12
Name 2 bone conditions that can affect the axial or appendicular skeleton
Fracture, osteoporosis, rickets, bone cancer, osteomyelitis, fibrous dysplasia
Where are blood cells produced in the body?
Bone marrow
Name the bones in your lower limbs.
Femur, patella, tibia, fibula, tarsals, metatarsals, phalanges
Steady supply of calcium, vitamin D, healthy diet, regular weight bearing exercise, various hormones
What two structures follow the cervical and thoracic vertebrae?
Lumbar and Sacrum
What does the entire Axial Skeleton consist of?
Cranium, Vertebrae column, Sternum, Ribs
Name 3 different types of blood cells produced by bone marrow.
Red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets
Name all the group of bones in the appendicular skeleton
Upper limbs, lower limbs, pelvic girdle, shoulder girdle
Name 4 layers of bone tissue
Periosteum, compact or dense tissue, spongy or cancellous tissue, bone marrow
Name all the bones in the vertebrae column
Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar, Sacrum, and Coccyx