Function
Skeletal system
supports the body
facilitates movement
protects internal organs
produces blood cells
stores and releases minerals and fat
3 types of cartilage
Hyaline
Elastic
Fibrocartialge
ossify
turn into bone or bony tissue.
Cartilage in bone formation
Many bones start out as cartilage & over time, the body slowly replaces that cartilage with hard bone tissue
It Helps shape bones & allows them to grow properly.
Organ that stores most calcium in body
Bone
Cartilage in the skeletal system
Provides flexibility and smooth surfaces for movement
tissues that form the skeletal system
Osseous/ Bone
cartilage
ligaments
tendons
Epiphysis
The end part of a long bone, filled with spongy bone and red marrow
Calcium in bone formation
strengthening bones and teeth
Regulating muscle functioning, such as contraction and relaxation
Location of periosteum
thin touch membrane on outer surface of bones
Periosteum
Nourishment through blood vessels & nerves
Facilitate bone growth
Remodeling, & repairs
Differentiate between the two types of bone marrow
Red: hemopoiesis (Blood cells formation)
found in flat bones of pelvis, skull, * ribs
Yellow:
Fat & Stem cells
Forms bone, cartilage & fat
Diaphysis
the shaft or central part of a long bone.
Role of parathyroid hormone in body
Raise blood calcium levels when they get too low
Ex;
Increasing calcium reabsorption in the kidneys
Stimulating calcium release from bones
Activating vitamin D to promote calcium absorption from food in the intestines.
Location of Endosteum
lines the inner surface of the medullary cavity of long bones & covers the trabeculae (spongy bone)
Penetrating fibers
Tiny anchors that firmly hold the periosteum, tendons, or ligaments to the bone
Tissues that make up living bone
Bone tissue
Bone marrow
Cartilage
Periosteum
Epiphyseal plate
"Growth plates"
A layer of hyaline cartilage found near the ends of long bones in children responsible for bone lengthening.
replaced by bone tissue as the bone grows in length
Role of calcitonin in body
Negative feedback loop that Reduces blood calcium levels
Ex
Stimulates bone formation
Regulates kidney function
Function of bone remodeling
Maintain bone strength by replacing old, damaged bone tissue with new bone, to adapt the bone's structure to mechanical stress
Endosteum
Bone remodeling & growth.
Osteoblast & Osteoclast formation
Regulation of bone metabolism
Surface for bone marrow
difference between osteoblasts and osteoclasts
Osteoblasts:
Bone forming cells
Builds new bone
OsteoClasts:
Break down old bone
Bone resorbing cells
2 major divisions of the skeleton
Axial and Appendicular
Mechanical stress
provides physical signals that regulate bone's structure and strength (bone remodeling)
Location of penetrating fibers
outer layer of bones & where tendons or ligaments attach to bone