Bone Formation
Osteoblast
bone forming cell (blasts build)
Long bones
- Found in the arms and legs (humerus and femur)
- support weight and facilitate movement
Diaphysis
shaft
Give an example of a ball and socket joint.
shoulder
hip
What is bursa?
Fluid-filled sac lined by a synovial membrane
It provides cushion and helps reduce friction between bones
Found around most major joints
Osteoclast
bone reabsorbing cell (clasts chew)
Flat bones
Bones of the skull
Ribs
Scapula
Sternum
Pelvis
protect internal organs
Medullary canal/cavity
hollow center of the shaft; filled with yellow bone marrow
Describe a hinge joint.
ones can only move along one axis (uniaxial) to flex or extend
Ex: ELBOW and KNEE
Describe the function of the synovial membrane
lines the cavities of joints and bursae
makes synovial fluid, which has a lubricating function.
Osteocyte
mature bone cell
Irregular bones
- Spinal column
- protect internal organs
Epiphysis
ends
Describe synarthroses joint
Immovable joints
skull sutures
Name the parts of the Appendicular Skeleton (hint: there are 6 parts)
Shoulder girdle
Arms
Hands
Pelvic girdle
Legs
Feet
Ossification
hardening of bone
Short bones
Wrist
Ankle
provide stability
Periosteum
fibrous tissue covering around outside of the bone
Describe pivot joints
Allow for rotation
Ex: neck and forearm (thumbs up/down movement)
The axial skeleton is composed of: (there are 4 parts)
Skull
Sternum
Spine
Ribs
Fontanel - what is it? Where is it?
soft spot on infant’s head where cartilage has yet to ossify.
Sesamoid
embedded in tendons (ex: patella)
Endosteum
membrane that lines the walls of the medullary canal
Describe a Amphiarthroses joint
Partially movable joints
Ex: ribs’ attachment to spine, between vertebrae, and the symphysis pubis
Where is the xiphoid process located?
tip of the sternum