IV start Initiating IV
Q: What are the appropriate IV sizes and locations for adults?
A: Adults: (18–20 gauge) for blood, surgery, rapid infusion. (22–24 gauge) for fragile veins/elderly. Locations: dorsal hand, forearm, antecubital for emergencies.
Q: What are the steps for IV insertion?
A: Verify order → gather supplies → hand hygiene → apply tourniquet → select site → cleanse with (chlorhexidine) → insert bevel up 10–30° → confirm (blood return) → advance catheter → release tourniquet → flush → secure with dressing → label site.
Q: What is the purpose of (Ampicillin 250 mg IV push over 3–5 min QID)?
A: (Antibiotic) for bacterial infection
Q: What are side effects of metoprolol?
A: (Bradycardia, hypotension, dizziness, fatigue).
Q: What should patients be taught about furosemide?
A: Expect frequent urination, monitor daily weight, report weakness/cramps.
Q: What are indications for central line use?
A: Long-term therapy, vesicant drugs, (TPN), frequent blood draws.
Q: What are the appropriate IV sizes and locations for pediatric patients?
A: Pediatrics: (22–24 gauge) most common. Sites: scalp veins (infants), dorsal hand, forearm.
Q: What interventions can help reduce patient pain/anxiety during IV insertion?
A: Explain procedure, distraction, topical anesthetic (lidocaine cream), warm compress, relaxation breathing.
Q: What pre-administration assessments are needed for ampicillin?
A: Check for (penicillin allergy), signs of infection, renal function.
Q: What is the purpose of (Morphine sulfate 2 mg IV push over 4–5 min)?
A: (Opioid analgesic) for pain relief.
Q: What are side effects of furosemide?
A: (Hypokalemia, hypotension, dehydration, ototoxicity if given too fast).
Q: What are the types of central lines?
A: (PICC line), (Tunneled catheter), (Non-tunneled catheter), (Implanted port).
Q: What does the RN assess with every IV and how often?
A: Assess IV site for (redness), (swelling), (warmth/coolness), (pain), (drainage). Check (patency) with (normal saline) flush. Frequency: every 1–2 hours (per facility policy).
What must the RN know before giving an IV push med?
A: Drug name/classification, indication, safe push rate, dilution requirements, compatibility, patient allergies, potential (side effects/adverse reactions).
Q: What should patients be taught about ampicillin?
A: Take full course, report rash, diarrhea, or difficulty breathing.
Q: What pre-administration assessments are needed for morphine?
A: (Respiratory rate, BP, pain level). Hold if RR <12.
Q: What is the purpose of (Pantoprazole sodium 40 mg IV push over 2 min)?
A: (Proton pump inhibitor) reduces gastric acid, treats GERD/ulcers.
Q: What should be assessed in central lines?
A: Signs of (infection), (patency), (blood return), dressing intactness.
Q: What should the RN do if infiltration occurs?
A: Stop infusion, remove IV, elevate extremity, apply warm compress.
What are the steps to IV push administration?
A: Verify order → hand hygiene → patient ID/allergy check → assess IV site → scrub hub → flush with (normal saline) → give medication at correct rate → flush again → monitor for (adverse effects).
Q: What are side effects of ampicillin?
A: (Allergic reaction, rash, diarrhea, anaphylaxis).
Q: What should patients be taught about morphine?
A: May cause drowsiness, don’t ambulate alone, risk for constipation.
Q: What pre-administration assessments are needed for pantoprazole?
A: Assess GI history, reflux/bleeding symptoms.
Q: What are the steps for a central line dressing change?
A: Hand hygiene → mask/sterile gloves → remove old dressing → inspect site → cleanse with (chlorhexidine) → apply sterile transparent dressing → label date/time.
Q: What should the RN do if phlebitis occurs?
A: Stop IV, remove catheter, apply warm compress, restart in new site.
Q: What should the RN teach the patient before IV push?
A: Purpose of medication, possible side effects (flushing, dizziness, metallic taste), report pain/burning, reassurance of close monitoring.
Q: What is the purpose of (Metoprolol tartrate 5 mg IV push over 2 min)?
A: (Beta-1 blocker) lowers HR, BP, and cardiac workload.
Q: What are side effects of morphine?
A: (Respiratory depression, hypotension, sedation, nausea/vomiting).
Q: What should patients be taught about pantoprazole?
A: Report black stools, avoid NSAIDs/alcohol, may need long-term therapy.
Q: What complications can occur with central lines?
A: (Infection/sepsis), (air embolism), (occlusion), (catheter migration/dislodgment).
Q: What should the RN do if (extravasation) occurs?
A: Stop infusion, aspirate drug, leave catheter in place, notify provider, administer antidote if available
Q: How do you calculate IV push rate?
A: Formula: Total volume (mL) ÷ time (min) = rate (mL/min). Example: 2 mL over 2 min = 1 mL/min.
Q: What pre-administration assessments are needed for metoprolol?
A: Check (apical HR, BP), hold if HR <60 bpm or SBP <90.
Q: What is the purpose of (Furosemide IV push over 1–2 min, max 20 mg/min)?
A: (Loop diuretic) → diuresis, reduces fluid overload, lowers BP.
Q: What are side effects of pantoprazole?
A: (Headache, diarrhea, abdominal pain, long-term: B12 deficiency).
Q: What is the proper flushing technique?
A: Use (10 mL normal saline) with push-pause method, flush before/after meds, use heparin if ordered.
Q: What should the RN do if the patient reports numbness/tingling?
Remove IV immediately (possible nerve injury).
Q: What should patients be taught about metoprolol?
A: May cause dizziness, fatigue, change positions slowly.
Q: What pre-administration assessments are needed for furosemide
A: Check (electrolytes, especially K⁺), BP, I&O, weight.
Q: What equipment is needed for accessing/de-accessing a port?
A: Sterile gloves, mask, (Huber needle), saline flush, heparin flush (if ordered), CHG swab, transparent dressing.