Disorders of blood glucose
Signs and symptoms of hyperglycemia include
Name 4
Increased thirst/dry mouth, hot, dry, flushed skin, headache, frequent urination, elevated blood glucose level, fruity-smelling breath, confusions, coma, death
This type of diet is provided for a client with the ability to swallow, but difficulty chewing.
Mechanical Soft
This diet is used to manage calorie and carbohydrate intake.
Diabetic Diet
(May also see 1800 Calorie ADA)
Foods high in vitamin K (broccoli, spinach, cauliflower, and kale) should be avoided when patients are prescribed ____________, a blood thinner.
warfarin (Coumadin)
Gastric Ph level should be less than ____?
5.5
Signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia include
Name 4
Clammy skin, shakiness or nervousness, nausea, increased irritability, confusions, dizziness, headache, weakness/fatigue, seizures and unconsciousness (at critically low levels of blood glucose)
Water
Broth
Black Coffee
Tea
Carbonated Drinks
Clear Fruit juice
Examples of
Clear Liquid Diet
This type of diet is used to promote wound healing, growth promotion, and increase or maintain weight. It may also include high-fat foods.
High calorie, high protein
Corticosteroids, some anti-depressants, and atypical antipsychotics are examples of medications that can dramatically do what?
They can cause increased appetite and increased food intake and weight gain.
The placement of an NG tube to relieve symptoms of nausea, anorexia, vomiting, abdominal distention and hypoactive bowel sounds is called what?
Gastric decompression
Your client has a morning blood glucose level of 60. What intervention do you perform?
Provide the client with one-half cup of orange juice.
Creamy soups
Milk
Yogurt
Sherbet
Liquid supplements
All fruit juices
Examples of a
Full liquid diet
This diet restriction is used for patients with hypertension, heart failure, or kidney or liver failure and for those who require help to prevent or correct fluid retention. Typically, less than 2,300 mg per day.
Sodium restricted diet
NSAIDS should be taken with food to decrease gastric irritation.
True or False
True
The most reliable way to ensure an NG is correctly placed in the stomach is what?
The use of X-ray to confirm placement.
The BEST indicator of long-term glycemic control is measured in this lab.
Glycated hemoglobin
(HgbA1C)
Food that is processed in a blender or food processor. The texture is somewhat thicker than full liquid, but that can be easily swallowed.
Pureed Diet
A client unable to tolerate, may have an allergy, or a diagnosis of Celiac disease will avoid this nutrient that is found in what, barley, flour, couscous, tabouli, and malt vinegar.
Gluten
This medication drug level is affected by either than excretion or retention of sodium.
Lithium
What immediate nursing action does the nurse take if a patient is cyanotic, coughs incessantly, and is unable to speak after insertion of an NG tube?
Remove the tube completely.
A blood glucose level greater than 240 is termed _____.
Hyperglycemia
This diet is appropriate for patients without special nutritional needs and provides approximately 2,000 calories per day.
A Regular Diet
A ___________ diet is used to manage or limit fluids and electrolytes for patients with renal insufficiency or disease.
Renal
Patients on INH therapy (treats TB) must be treated for more than 6 months. This can lead to Vitamin ___ deficiency.
B6
After insertion of an NG tube, my client is coughing continually. What conclusion does the nurse make?
The client's airway is compromised.