Fitzpatrick Scale
Fair to olive; brown eyes; dark hair; tans well, burns moderately.
What is Fitz Type 3?
Oil: moderate to high
Hydration: good to dehydrated
Follicle size: moderate to large
Appearance: shiny; comedones and blemishes may be present
What is oily?
Sebaceous breakouts from hormonal changes or other factors.
What is acne?
Characterized by skin laxity due to collagen and bone loss, thinner skin, dryness, photodamage, and fine lines or wrinkles (rhytids).
What is aging?
Lack of water caused by the environment, medications, topical agents, aging, or dehydrating drinks such as caffeine and alcohol.
What is dehydrated?
Light brown skin; dark hair; dark eyes; burns minimally and experiences immediate pigment response.
What is Fitz Type 4?
Oil: moderate to high
Hydration: good to dehydrated
Follicle size: larger in T-zone
Appearance: buildup of dead skin and oil in pores around nose; dry or flaking outside of T-zone; some blemishes and comedones
What is combination?
An excessive buildup of dead skin cells/keratinized cells.
What is Hyperkeratinization?
Visible broken or distended capillaries less than 0.5 mm due to intrinsic or extrinsic causes
What is telangiectasia?
A mark on the skin where a wound, burn, or sore has healed and left a fibrous band of connective tissue, sometimes hyperpigmented or hypopigmented.
What is a scar?
Very fair; blond or red hair; light-colored eyes; freckles are common
What is Fitz Type 1?
Oil: balanced
Hydration: balance
Follicle size: very small
Appearance: uniform luminosity; no or rare blemishes Feel: soft, smooth texture, good elasticity
What is normal?
Redness in the skin with no visible vascularity because the matting of blood vessels is so small and fine. Often seen with telangiectasia.
What is couperose skin?
Excess oil production that causes redness, irritation, and flaking. Occurs most commonly in the hair as dandruff.
What is seborrhea?
Raised lesions; also called blemishes.
What are papules?
Dark brown skin; dark hair; dark eyes; rarely sun sensitive
What is Fitz Type 5?
Oil: minimal production
Hydration: minimal production
Follicle size: difficult to visualize, fine pores
Appearance: dull, lack of luminosity, flaking, blotchy
What is dry?
Excess body hair located in regions where hair is not normally present, such as facial hair for women. It is commonly caused by a hormonal imbalance.
What is hirsutism?
A form of hyperpigmentation that is characterized by bilateral patches of brown pigmentation on the cheeks, jawline, forehead, and upper lip; due to hormonal imbalances, such as pregnancy, birth control pills, or hormone replacement therapy. Gets worse with sun exposure.
What is melasma?
Overproduction of melanin
What is hyperpigmentation?
Light-skinned; blue, hazel, or brown eyes; red, blonde, or brown hair.
What is Fitz Type 2?
Does not retain inner moisture allowing transepidermal water loss (TEWL)
What is dehydrated?
Redness caused by inflammation.
What is erythema?
Characterized by clogged pores and wrinkles; dull and lifeless-looking. Can be yellowish or gray in color.
What is asphyxiated?
Physical reactions, such as erythema, edema, wheals, itching, stinging, or discomfort, from internal or external influence on the skin.
What are sensitivities?