Skin Analysis
What are skin analysis's a determining factor for?
Deciding what products to use during the service, and what products to recommend for home care.
Sensitive skin is characterized by what? (3)
Fragility, thin skin and redness (it flushes easily and may appear red due to blood flow being closer to the surface)
What defines redness caused by inflammation?
Erythema
A _____ will help you determine why a client is unhappy with their skin/appearance currently?
Consultation
Woods Lamp
A classification that describes a persons genetic skin attributes is what?
Skin type
Sensitive skin can be difficult to treat because of what?
Its low tolerance to products and stimulation
A form of hyperpigmentation that is characterized by bilateral patches of brown pigmentation on the cheeks, jawline, forehead and upper lip, due to hormonal imbalances (ie. birth control, pregnancy) and gets worse with sun exposure?
Melasma
What is the treatment goal for dry skin?
to hydrate and nourish the skin as well as remove accumulated dead skin cells
What is the average adult skin cell turnover rate?
28 days
What is the first step in determining skin type?
Evaluating the pores in the T-zone
What are the 3 primary goals for sensitive skin?
1. Soothe
2. Calm
3. Protect
Visible or distended capillaries less then .5mm due to intrinsic or extrinsic causes, and typically accompanies Rosacea?
Telangiectasia
What is the treatment goal for dehydrated skin?
Maintain natural moisturizing factor and natural acid mantle, if dehydration is due to diet/medication recommend they see a physician or dermatologist
Where must you apply pressure when preforming extractions to achieve optimum success?
skin surrounding the follicular wall
(tip stretch the skin to find the exact point of congestion to ensure your in the correct spot)
What are we using when evaluating the skin using touch/manipulation to determine conditions such as oiliness and elasticity?
Palpation
What Fitzpatrick skin type is the most difficult to treat?
Fitzpatrick 4 (5 and 6 also as these types are at risk of post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation and other unpredictable adverse reactions from chemical treatments)
What are the differences if intrinsic and extrinsic aging?
Intrinsic-the natural aging process, collagen production decreases and cell turnover slows (think time, genetics and gravity)
Extrinsic- External/Outside factors that speed up the whole aging process (think sun exposure, smoking, drinking, stress, poor diet/working out, and lack of sleep)
What are the four methods of exfoliation? (bonus 5th answer)
1. Physical- scrubs/cleansers with beads
2. Enzymes-papaya, pineapple, pumpkin..etc
3. Chemical- AHAs/BHAs
4. Manual- dermaplane and microdermabrasion
(5. Combination)
What condition is caused stemming from habitual, nervous picking of acne pimples that leads to permanent scarring?
Acne excoriee
Dry skin often has compromised ________ caused by evaporation on the skins surface?
TEWL -Transepidermal water loss
What are the most common skin conditions estheticians see today?
Adult acne, extrinsic factors (sun exposure & aging), and problems related to hormonal fluctuations
Name at least five contraindications for skin treatments?
Isotretinoin- must be off meds for 6 months prior to waxing and chemical services
Skin thinning products (rentin-A/Vit A)- avoid waxing and chemical peels at least 1 week after last application
Pregnancy- no electrical or chemical treatments and expect waxing sensitivities
Metal pins and Pacemakers- no electrical treatments
Allergies- Asprin never use salicylic acid or willow bark
Seizure disorders- no light pulse treatments
Autoimmune disorders (lupus, vitiligo)- avoid harsh stimulation treatments
Diabetes- no waxing if uncontrolled due to rish of infection
What are 4 ingredients you would use for hyperpigmentation?
Kojic acid, alpha arbutin, glycolic acid, azaleic acid, lemon enzyme, mandelic acid, Vit A, or hydroquinone (be advised they are not using this in more than 1-3 months)
What are the 4 extraction methods?
1. Manual- gauze around gloves
2. Extraction tools
3. Cotton swabs
4. Lancets- for millia