A 12-year-old female notices her hair and skin feel more oily than normal. Her primary care provider explains that during puberty her sebaceous glands enlarge and are stimulated by:
Androgens
100
A 42-year-old female presents with raised red lesions with a brownish scale. She was diagnosed with discoid lupus erythematosus. A clinician recalls this disorder is related to:
Autoimmunity
100
In discoid lupus erythematosus, skin lesions may be accompanied by Raynaud phenomenon, which is manifested by:
Vasospasm in the extremities
100
A 50-year-old male recently underwent a liver transplant and is taking immunosuppressive drugs. He now has painful vesicular eruptions on the face and trunk. He reports that he had chickenpox as a child. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis based on his chicken pox history?
Herpes zoster
100
A 10-year-old male is given penicillin for an infection. He has an allergic reaction, during which he develops urticarial lesions. These lesions are mediated by the release of:
Histamine
200
Of the sweat glands, the _____ glands are most abundant in the axillae and genital areas.
Apocrine
200
A 23-year-old male received a knife wound in a fight. His scar was sharply elevated, irregularly shaped, and progressively enlarging. This condition is caused by excessive amounts of _____ in the corneum during connective tissue repair.
Collagen
200
A 45-year-old male presents with a chronic blister-forming disease of the skin and oral mucous membranes. The nurse would recognize this condition as:
Pemphigus
200
Tinea corporis (ringworm) is a _____ infection of the skin.
Fungal
200
When assessing a patient with scleroderma, which changes in the skin will be observed?
Hardening
300
If a patient has carbuncles, the infection will be located in the:
Hair follicles
300
Individuals of _____ descent are more prone to developing keloids?
African American
300
A 25-year-old paralyzed male develops a dermal pressure ulcer. When assessing the patient’s skin, which finding is the first indication of this ulcer?
Redness
300
A 20-year-old female presents with vaginal itch and thin-walled pustular lesions. She is diagnosed with candidiasis. This condition is caused by a:
Yeast
300
A 13-year-old female is concerned about several pigmented skin lesions on her body. Her primary care provider tells her that these lesions must be monitored because of their ability to transform into malignant melanoma. These lesions are referred to as:
Nevi
400
Fat cells are located in the
Hypodermis
400
A 23-year-old male reports a rash and pruritus. An increase in _____ is associated with pruritus?
Acetylcholine
400
A 9-year-old male presents with severe erythematous bullous lesions that are believed to be an adverse response to a medication. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
Stevens-Johnson syndrome
400
For a patient with candidiasis, which factor will exacerbate the condition?
Systemic antibiotics
400
A patient wants to know which malignant skin lesion is the most serious. The correct response is:
Basal cell carcinoma
Squamous cell carcinoma
Kaposi sarcoma (KS)
Malignant melanoma
Malignant melanoma
500
To promote efficient wound healing, which dressing should be applied to a superficial ulcer?
Flat & Moist
500
A 70-year-old male nursing home resident developed a dermal pressure ulcer. This condition is most often caused by?
Shearing forces
Friction
Moisture
Unrelieved pressure
High-carbohydrate diet
Dermal appendages include which of the following structures?
Sweat glands
Nails
Dermal papilla
Hair
Eccrine glands
Sweat glands
Nails
Hair
500
A 30-year-old male firefighter is badly burned and is admitted to the emergency department. Which of the following would be expected in the first 24 hours?
Increased capillary permeability
500
Which of the following burns is most painful?
First degree
Superficial partial-thickness
Deep partial-thickness
Third degree