DEFINITIONS
WHICH APNEA ARE U
AIRWAY CLASSIFICATION
IN-HOME MONITORING
MANAGEMENT
100

Trouble falling/staying asleep

Insomnia

100

A disorder characterized by the repetitive stopping or reduction of both air flow and ventilatory effort during sleep 

Central Sleep Apnea

100

Score that is frequently used in physician notes to describe abnormalities of the soft palate and uvula

The Mallampati classification score

100

Common name for In-home, unattended, portable monitoring

Home Sleep Test (HST)

100

The term used to describe the total number of events such as apneas and RERAs per hour of sleep?

RESPIRATORY DISTURBANCE INDEX

200

Slowed, shallow, restricted breathing that occurs in 10-second or longer 'episodes' repeatedly during sleep

Hypopnea

200

When the genioglossus muscle fails to oppose the forces that tend to collapse the airway passage during inspiration, the tongue moves into the oropharyngeal area and obstructs the airway.

Obstructive sleep apnea

200

Soft palate, hard palate, uvula, pillars are easily seen

Class 1

200

It can be done in the patient’s home and/or in areas without ready access to sleep centers

Convenience

Patient acceptance

Easily can be performed over multiple nights

Decreased cost

Advantages of HST

200

These signs below are known as 

Excess weight
Large neck size
Hypertension

Risk factors of OSA

300

Repeatedly feel excessively tired during the day (called excessive daytime sleepiness) or sleep longer than usual at night

Hypersomnia

300

Usually begins as central apnea followed by the onset of ventilatory effort without air flow

Mixed Apnea

300

Soft palate, hard palate, portion of uvula are seen

Class 2

300

Possible data loss or distortion

The potential for interpretation errors resulting from limited data

Inability to perform subsequent multiple sleep latency testing according to standard protocol

Varied sensor technology

No published standards for scoring or interpretation

Disadvantages of HST

300

Is useful in the management of the patient with obstructive sleep apnea and prevents airway collapse

CPAP

400

Day/night confused - physical, mental, and behavioral changes that follow a 24-hour cycle

Circadian rhythm sleep disorders

400

Cardinal features include:

Obstructive apneas

Hypopneas

Respiratory effort–related arousals (RERAs)

Caused by recurring collapse of the upper airway during sleep

Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA)

400

Soft palate, only the base of uvula are seen

Class 3

400

A specialized sleep test that monitors and records a number of physiologic parameters that occur during sleep

Polysomnogram

400

A 55 YEAR-OLD , 90 KG MAN IS UNDERGOING POLYSOMNOGRAPHY. THE RESPIRATORY THERAPIST OBSERVES THAT THE PATIENT CONTINUES TO HAVE OBSTRUCTIVE APNEIC EVENTS ON NASAL CPAP AT 4 CMH2O. THE THERAPIST SHOULD????

A. INITATE NPPV VIA NASAL PILLOWS

B. ADD OXYGEN @ 2L/MIN

C. INCREASE THE CPAP PRESSURE

D. TERMINATE THE STUDY

C. INCREASE THE CPAP PRESSURE

500

A sleep disorder that involves unusual and undesirable physical events or experiences that disrupt your sleep

Parasomnias

500

PRIMARY CENTRAL SLEEP APNEA AND SECONDARY SLEEP APNEA ARE CLASSIFIED

CENTRAL SLEEP APNEA

500

Only the hard palate is seen

Class 4

500

IF A CPAP SYSTEM IS LOSING PRESSURE IN THESYSTEM, THE THERAPIST SHOULD OBSERVE THE SYSTEM FOR __________ AND __________ AS POSSIBLE CAUSES.

LEAK AND INSUFFICIENT FLOW

500

A sleep study is done on a patient that revealed the patient had 48 apneas and 53 hypopneas over 8 hours of total sleep time. What is the patient’s AHI? How would you treat it?

48+53= 101           101/8= 12.6 

Start CPAP at low level or Start CPAP to achieve an AHI of less than 5