Sleep Apnea Awareness
Sleep apnea is a sleep disorder characterized by repeated interruptions in breathing during sleep. The primary types are obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), central sleep apnea (CSA), and complex sleep apnea syndrome (a combination of both OSA and CSA).
What is sleep apnea, and what are its primary types?
The primary hormone responsible for inducing this is melatonin, which is produced by the pineal gland in the brain.
What is the primary hormone responsible for inducing sleepiness in humans, and where is it produced?
Rapid eye movement (REM) is the stage most commonly associated with this
What stage of sleep is most closely associated with dreaming?
The two main categories are Non-Rapid Eye Movement (NREM) sleep and Rapid Eye Movement (REM) sleep.
What are the two main categories of sleep that the sleep cycle alternates between?
Snoring!
What Sleep Behavior is commonly associated with sleep apnea?
this indicates that you might be Sleep Deprived! It is not typical to be sleepy when bored unless you are in a sleep deficit!
If you are sleepy/dozing you are….?
William Dement played a crucial role in
The discovery of REM sleep?
A full cycle of this lasts about 90 to 110 minutes, and an average adult experiences about 4 to 6 cycles per night.
What is the approximate duration of a full sleep cycle in adults, and how many cycles does an average adult experience per night?
Not feeling rested after sleep, dry mouth, gradual difficulty with executive function and memory.
What are some symptoms of sleep apnea?
This state is known as sleep inertia. It is characterized by grogginess and impaired cognitive and motor functions upon waking.
What term describes the temporary state of sleepiness and cognitive impairment that occurs after waking up from deep sleep?
Christianity, Hinduism, Buddhism, Islam, and many other religions discuss this, often as a point of divine revelation
What are dreams?
The proportion of REM sleep increases with each successive sleep cycle throughout the night, peaking in the early morning hours. This increase is why people are more likely to remember their dreams when they wake up in the morning.
How does the proportion of REM sleep change throughout the night, and what is its implication for dream recall?
Polysomnography, or a sleep study, is the most commonly used diagnostic tool for this. It measures various physiological parameters during sleep, including brain activity, eye movements, heart rate, oxygen levels, airflow, and breathing effort.
Which diagnostic tool is most commonly used to diagnose sleep apnea, and what does it measure?
Caffeine reduces sleepiness by blocking the action of adenosine, a neurotransmitter that promotes sleep. By binding to adenosine receptors, caffeine prevents adenosine from inducing drowsiness. This binding however, in large amounts overtime, might induce the formation of more receptor sites, thereby reducing the natural binding as being 1:1 and preventing the typical drowsiness from just natural adenosine.
How does the consumption of caffeine affect sleepiness, and what is the primary mechanism behind its action? How can it affect sleep long term?
Without this part of the brain playing a crucial role in REM sleep, one wouldnt be able to dream
What is the brainstem?
This structure (SCN) is located in the hypothalamus and acts as the body's primary circadian pacemaker. It regulates the sleep-wake cycle by responding to light cues and synchronizing the body's internal clock. (Importantly it responds more specifically to blue light, and can be affected by screens!!)
What role does the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) play in regulating the sleep cycle, and where is it located?
Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) therapy is the most common and effective treatment for moderate to severe OSA. It involves wearing a mask that provides a constant stream of air to keep the airway open during sleep.
What is the most common and effective treatment for moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea?
GO TO SLEEP! Drowsiness/sleepiness is very important for physical and cognitive development, and indicates the need for sleep!
What is the best way to combat sleepiness?
This school of thought in Psychology emphasizes the analysis of dreams as a way of understanding the subconcious
What is Freudian Psychoanalysis?
During REM sleep, the brain exhibits patterns similar to wakefulness, known as desynchronized or paradoxical sleep. This phenomenon is responsible for vivid dreaming and high brain activity despite the body being in a state of muscle atonia.
During which sleep stage does the brain exhibit patterns similar to wakefulness, and what phenomenon is this responsible for?