Sleep Theory
How many stages of sleep are there (double points for naming them)
4 - Stage 1, Stage 2, Stage 3, REM
True or False: Lack of sleep starts to make a person malnourished and tired, so they start to lose more weight.
False, losing sleep can actually promote weight gain. Sleep deprivation increases appetite and consumption of junk foods because fatty foods seem more enticing to our brains in that state.
The person associated with the psycho-dynamic view of dreams.
Sigmund Freud
What is the most commonly used drug today in the United States?
Alcohol
The increased use of drugs can lead to buildup of one's _____, creating a higher risk for becoming addicted and developing _______ _______ ________.
tolerance; substance abuse disorder
What part of sleep do dreams occur during?
REM (Rapid Eye Movement) sleep
Are dreams caused by psychological factors, biological factors or both? (200 extra points for naming a factor)
Both. (neurotransmitters, hormones, environment, sensory stimuli, sleep quality)
Lucid Dream
A sensory perception in the absence of an actual external stimulus.
Hallucination
What are the typical symptoms for withdrawal from marijuana in a patient?
Sweating, nausea, weight loss, tremors, anxiety
Natalie forgets to set her alarm for school, but thankfully her body naturally wakes her up a couple minutes after her scheduled wake time. Her body is demonstrating...?
circadian rhythm/sleep wake cycle
True or False: A cool, well ventilated room is the ideal environment conducive to good sleep.
True.
Laurie believes that she dreams to help her remember what happened during the day. Which dream theory aligns with her view?
Information processing/consolidation
What is tolerance and how does it impact one's drug use?
The lessened response to a drug caused by repeated use. It leads to higher doses needed for the same high.
When Caleb was offered a beer, he took it and then followed with a few more. He started to feel odd and easily angered at everyone. Another girl who was at the same event drank an equal amount, but she was laughing and having a good time. Caleb was easily angered but the woman was not. This is because...
alcohol is more likely to promote aggression in men than in women.
When a couple falls asleep after a long day, one gets 9 hours and the other only gets 4. The partner who slept longer is able to retell the events of the previous day in more detail when asked. What does sleep help her with?
memory consolidation
Sleep is like a janitor for your brain, cleaning out clutter and giving time for restoration. What happens if one does not get the adequate amount of sleep each night for a prolonged period of time?
Sleep deprivation and sleep debt buildup; the brain cannot catch up with the lack of sleep continuously.
The four major contemporary views of the function of dreams are...
-Information processing/consolidation
-Physiological function
-Neural activation
-Cognitive development
True or False: "Legal" highs are more safe than illegal recreational drugs
False. Due to their grey area in terms of legality and intended use not being recreational, they're usually not tested for adverse effects on the body
Responsible for impulse control, is one of the first areas affected by drug use in the brain.
Prefrontal cortex.
A disorder characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness, where individuals experience a persistent and uncontrollable urge to sleep, often falling asleep suddenly and without warning.
Narcolepsy
When promoting sleep in older adults, which dietary items would you tell them to limit in the afternoon?
Caffeine, alcohol, and high-fat or high-sugar items.
What was Sigmund Freud's dream theory?
Dreams are disguised fulfillments (often unacceptable thoughts) of repressed wishes, particularly those stemming from the unconscious mind.
Name a category of drug and how it effects a neurotransmitter.
Opiates (Heroin, Morphine) - Inhibits Dopamine
Stimulant (Cocaine, Meth) - Increased Dopamine, Norepinephrine and Serotonin
Hallucinogen (LSD, Psychedelic Mushrooms) - Stimulates Serotonin receptors
Depressants (Alcohol) - Increase GABA and Glutamate
Chronic drug use can lead to a reduction in this brain chemical, leading to depression and anxiety.
Serotonin.