respiratory
major muscle of respiration
diaphragm, at the floor of thoracic cavity
external intercostals
series of muscles between each pair of ribs angled inferiorly and anteriorly, contraction results in upward and outward expansion of rib cage expanding volume of lungs, inspiration
parkinsons disease
quiet speech, not good muscular control, run out of the raw material of air at end of sentence
myoelastic aerodynamic theory of voice production
interaction between aerodynamic aspect of voice and biochemical properties of vocal folds, fold vibration occurs passively
glottis
space between vocal folds
Boyles Law
inverse relationship between volume and pressure
internal intercostals
active in BOTH inspiration and expiration but primarily expiration
change aerodynamic energy to acoustic energy, making sound at the larynx
Bernoulli effect
air pressure will decrease as air flows through vocal tract in an area of constriction
/m/ /n/ and /ng/ require what
nasal cavity, for all other speech sounds velum blocks nasal cavity, velum lowers for m n ng by levator palatini for air to enter nasal cav
when diaphragm contracts...
it flattens downward and increases volume of lungs
visceral pleura
lungs are mechanically attached to thoracic cavity by visceral pleura, visceral pleura encases outside of lungs, and the parietal pleura attached to inside of thoracic cavity, and pleural fluid between the two membranes
cricoid cartilage + thyroid cartilage =
cricothyroid joint, which moves forward and downward to stretch vocal folds and increase pitch of voice
increasing FF will increase
longitudinal stress on folds
to produce /u/ as in true the _____muscle rounds the lips
orbicularis oris
definition of respiration
congenitally deaf person
breathiness of voice bc through hearing we learn to control respiratory flow
fundamental frequency is based on
the sized of the vibrating mass, bigger vocal track (men)= lower FF
cartilage responsible for protecting larynx in swallowing
epiglottis
risorius muscle
produces /I/ in eat this muscle spreads the lips
breathing for speech vs. breathing for life
speech breathing is the regulation of breathing for voice and speech production
cleft palate
nasal quality bc air goes up through hole, not contained in oral cavity goes up to nasal cavity
avg FF during read aloud for women and men is what
215 Hz women 115 men
adduction and abduction of vocal folds is achieved by movement of the
cricoarytenoid joints
styloglossus and hyoglossus, instrinsic, teeth, alveolar ridge
stylo-up and back, hyo- down and back, intrinsic muscles for fine shaping of tongue, teeth obstruct air flow, alv ridge- place behind the upper teeth used for articulation of consonants such as /t/ /d/,