Dysphagia/Feeding
A preterm infant is being seen by a feeding specialist due to decreased intake and subsequent weight loss. A strategy to increase feeding includes all EXCEPT:
1.Attending to infant's cues for readiness to eat
2.External pacing of breast/bottle presentation
3.Changing nipple flow/shape
4.Continue the feed despite anterior spillage
4.Continue the feed despite anterior spillage
Damage to the cerebellum may cause a movement disorder called:
1.Athetosis
2.Flaccidity
3.Ataxia
4.Tremors
3.Ataxia
In therapy, you decide to use minimal pairs as part of your treatment plan to increase a child’s intelligibility. Which one of the following is NOT a minimal pair?
1.Me-meat
2.Duck-luck
3.Mud-moon
4.Pen-ten
3. Mud-moon
Interventions from a speech-language pathologist for a nursing home resident who experiences advanced dementia who most effectively focus on:
1.Conversational turn-taking
2.Expressive vocabulary
3.Interpretation of facial expression
4.Simplification of the communication environment
4.Simplification of the communication environment
Which of the following is the primary reason for using standardized norm-referenced instruments to assess communication function?
1.To track progress on a session-by-session basis
2.To provide comparison against a representative population
3.To develop a database of diagnostic purposes
4.To provide qualitative data for the assessment report
2. To provide comparison against a representative population
Residue in the vallecula is most likely caused by:
1.reduced tongue base retraction.
2.reduced laryngeal elevation.
3.reduced buccal tension.
4.reduced peristalsis.
1. reduced tongue base retraction
Disorders of the ________result in rigidity, jerky and purposeless movements (chorea), and slow writhing, snakelike movements (athetosis):
1.Thalamus
2.corpus callosum
3.basal ganglia
4.Medulla
3. basal ganglia
Social stories and Social narratives often include:
1.A description of where and when a situation takes place
2.Who is involved in a situation/activity
3.Suggestions for expected behavior
4.All of the above
4. All of the above
Melodic Intonation therapy (MIT) is generally considered most appropriate for a client with which of the following?
1.Broca’s Aphasia
2.Conduction Aphasia
3.Transcortical Sensory Aphasia
4.Global Aphasia
1. Broca's apasia
In ____________ otitis media, the infection continues over a long period and the tympanic membrane is permanently ruptured:
1.Serous
2.Acute
3.Hemangioma
4.Chronic
4. Chronic
When carcinoma affects the cricoid and trachea, the damage is:
1.Supraglottic
2.Subglottic
3.Aryepiglottic
4.Epiglottic
2. Subglottic
A speech language pathologist evaluates a woman who presents with slurred speech, excess and equal stress, distorted vowels, and irregular articulatory breakdowns. Which type of dysarthria is described? Where is the probable site of lesion?
1.ataxic dysarthria, cerebellum
2.spastic dysarthria, basal ganglia
3.ataxic dysarthria, basal ganglia
4.spastic dysarthria, cerebellum
1. ataxic dysarthria, cerebellum
Language intervention for a child at the one-word stage should be most strongly influenced by a consideration of the child's..
1.Motor skills
2.Cognitive skills
3.Syntactic skills
4.Articulation skills
2. Cognitive skills
A 65-year- old patient is transferred from another facility with a diagnosis of aphasia. The patient’s symptoms, however, appear more consistent with apraxia. Which of the following tasks for the patient is the most appropriate when assessing verbal apraxia of speech?
1.Recalling three common items
2.Repeating words of increasing length
3.Performing voluntary oral movements
4.Following two-step commands
2.Repeating words of increasing length
Which of the following most accurately represents the etiology of cleft palate?
1.Genetic factors alone
2.Environmental influences alone
3.Genetic factors interacting with environmental influences
4.Medications taken by the mother during pregnancy
3. Genetic factors interacting with environmental influences
Which of the following is the best action to take initially with a client who presents with poor oral control of liquids and solids, coughing and choking while eating and drinking, and a history of hospitalizations associated with pneumonia?
1.Thickening liquids so that the client will be better able to control oral movements for swallowing.
2.Obtaining a modified barium swallow study to determine appropriate interventions.
3.Evaluating the client's ability to eat a variety of foods in order to determine which foods are safest.
4.Prescribing that the client be NPO, since aspiration is present.
2.Obtaining a modified barium swallow study to determine appropriate interventions.
Which of the following types of cerebral palsy is characterized by jerky, uncontrolled movements and high muscle tone?
1.Athetoid
2.Spastic
3.Ataxic
4.Hemiplegic
2. Spastic
"Book read me."
"Me TV see."
The utterances above, spoken by a 3 year old monolingual English speaking child, indicate that the child most likely has a problem with which of the following?
1.semantic redundancy
2.syntactic relationships
3.morphological relationships
4.phonological rules
2. syntactic relationships
A 60-year-old man says that he has "trouble thinking of names and words" and that it is interfering with his job performance. The problem began three months ago after he had a minor cerebrovascular accident. He does not report any other problems. His conversation is characterized by some hesitancies, latencies, repetitions, interjections, and self-corrections. On the basis of an interview and the results of an aphasia battery, it is concluded that he has a mild aphasia. The most appropriate course of action is to..
1.advise the client to wait for three more months in order to allow spontaneous recovery to take place
2.begin a treatment program designed to decrease dysfluencies in his speech
3.offer a treatment program designed to improve word-retrieval skills
4.encourage the client to increase his reading of information related to his profession in order to facilitate recall of professional terminology
3. offer a treatment program designed to improve word-retrieval skills
Public law 99-457 encompasses:
1.providing reimbursement for no more than 30 days in the hospital.
2.training family members to support the development of a child.
3.supporting children ages 3 to 21.
4.providing eligibility for special education for children in middle school.
2. training family members to support the development of a child.
A 70-year-old female has dysphagia characterized by poor posterior oral containment of the bolus during the oral preparatory stage, causing aspiration before the swallow. Cognition and the pharyngeal stage of the swallow are intact. Which of the following is the most appropriate treatment approach for the client?
1.providing a puree diet with thickened liquids
2.having the client flex her head forward (perform the chin-down posture) during oral preparation and transit stages of the swallow
3.having the client turn (rotate) her head to the right when swallowing
4.providing a diet that consists of thin liquids
2. having the client flex her head forward (perform the chin-down posture) during oral preparation and transit stages of the swallow
Kennedy is a 57-year-old woman who has noticed increased muscle fatigue during meals. After resting, the fatigue appears to disappear. Kennedy went to the neurologist and was diagnosed with damage to the acetylcholine receptors at the neuromuscular junction. What disease is Kennedy likely diagnosed with?
1.Parkinson’s disease
2.Alzheimer’s disease
3.muscular dystrophy
4.myasthenia gravis
4. myasthenia gravis
Children diagnosed as having specific language impairments are likely to exhibit the greatest deficits in which of the following?
1.production of sentences with appropriate inflectional morphology and syntax.
2.acquisition of word meanings
3.comprehension of short sentences
4.motoric aspects of written expression
1. production of sentences with appropriate inflectional morphology and syntax.
A 68 y/o man sustained a CVA and received a course of speech-language treatment for anomic aphasia. He was discharged after making rapid improvement early in therapy. Three years later his wife reports that he is having more difficulty speaking and understanding, that his memory skills and orientation abilities remain intact. She has also noticed that his conversation skills are slowly deteriorating. Of following, which is the most likely explanation for the client’s communicative decline?
1.A transient ischemic attack
2.An astrocytoma, probably in the vicinity of the supramarginal gyrus
3.Primary progressive aphasia
4.Lewy Body Dementia
3. Primary progressive aphasia
Which of the following hearing problems is most prevalent among children with cleft palate?
1.sensorineural loss
2.conductive loss
3.retrocochlear loss
4.central auditory dysfunction
2. conductive loss