Fluency
This theory states there is a neurological predisposition to stutter impacted by environmental stress
Breakdown theory
Two direct treatment options for adults who stutter are stuttering modification and ________ __________
Fluency shaping
The largest cartilage of your larynx; includes your "Adam's Apple."
Thyroid cartilage
Bilateral benign vocal fold lesions caused by chronic abuse/misuse
Nodules
False
Many preschoolers who stutter will suddenly stop stuttering. This is called _____________ ____________
Spontaneous Recovery
"My nnnname is Fred" includes an example of what type of dysfluency
Sound prolongation
"Floppy" cartilage at the top of your larynx
epiglottis
Name one type of vocal therapy
vocal hygiene, vocal function exercises, LSVT, forward focus, laryngeal massage, relaxation/breathing techniques
Device that is held to the exterior throat to pick up acoustic signals and translate them into "robotic" speech
Electrolarynx, or Artificial Larynx
Approx. what percentage of the population lives with a fluency disorder?
1%
Stuttering modification includes 3 components: identification, desensitization, and ____________
Modification
Anatomical term for your "windpipe"
Trachea
Damage to the vocal folds from stomach acid
LPR
True or False: it is impossible for someone without a larynx to communicate verbally
False
"I ran around the b-b-b-block" includes an example of what type of dysfluency?
Sound repetition
physical (grimacing, eye-blinking) and emotional (anxiety, avoidance) features of stuttering are considered ______________ stuttering behaviors
Secondary
"Signet-ring" shaped cartilage below the thyroid cartilage
Cricoid
Atrophy of the vocal fold muscles associated with aging
Presbylarynx/bowing
Laryngectomy can result in a swallowing disorder, called _______________
Dysphagia
Interjections (uh, um) and word repetitions are considered ______________ dysfluencies
Typical
Indirect treatment approach in which the therapist educates the parents on strategies to reduce stuttering in their child
Primary Prevention
The only bone considered part of your laryngeal anatomy
Hyoid bone
Unilateral vocal fold lesion caused by one-time vocal trauma
Vocal fold polyp
The term for speaking on "belched" air
Esophageal speech