-Phonemic awareness instruction causes improvement in students phonemic awareness, reading and spelling
What is the meta-analysis revel
100
Children must acquire the same set of skills to become good even though...
What is...children at risk for reading failure acquire reading skills more slowly than other children
100
Includes phonological awareness and letter knowledge
What is inside out skills
100
Discovered by the children during interactions with print
What is Process of typical reading development
100
Small group instruction
What is delivering training which places the responsibility for learning on the student through participation in small groups led by small group leaders who serve as role models throughout the course
200
-Alphabetic letters are included
-there are fewer rather than more manipulations of phonemic units
-instruction is created in small groups
What is... Phonemic instruction is most effective
200
Must be more explicit and comprehensive, more intensive and more supportive
What is the primary differences between instruction appropriate for all children in the classroom and that required by children at risk for reading difficulties
200
Includes vocabulary and conceptual knowledge
What is outside in skills
200
Direct, systematic and comprehensive instruction to build phonemic awareness and phonemic decoding skills
What is phonemically explicit
200
Include this in your classroom
What is....."own opinion"
300
All children in kindergarten and first grade, regardless of SES
What is the NRP report showing who phonics works best for
300
mismatch" between child characteristics and the instruction provided
What is not entirely inherent in the child
300
Phonemic awareness and letter knowledge
What is important predictors of the ease with which children acquire word accuracy and fluency
What is small groups and integrated with phonemic awareness, fluency and comprehension
400
38% of school children in US
What is reading below basic level
400
Learning to translate between printed and oral language
What is primary problem in learning to read
400
Total time in classroom instruction can be increased or instruction can be provided individually or in small groups
What is two ways to increase intensity for preventive instruction
500
Direct instruction and type of text
What is impossible to study separate effects
500
More consistent and skillful instruction in the critics, elements
What is suggesting the needs the needs for strengthening the instructional environment
500
Result of either neurobiological factor or lack of adequate instruction and language experience in child's preschool or home environment
What is language and phonological abilities required in learning to read
500
Two types of scaffolding
What is careful sequencing so that skills build very gradually and teacher student dialogue that directly shows the child what kind of processing or thinking needs to be done