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Prevention
Infection
Epidemiology
History
Eradication
100
Who came up with the idea of vaccinating people to prevent a smallpox infection? In what year? (extra 100 pts)
Edward Jenner in 1796
100
How long is the incubation period?
It is usually 10-14 days
100
In an unvaccinated population, the Case Fatality Rate (overall fatality rate) for variola major is?
30%
100
In the devastating 1874 outbreak in this US city, only 174 susceptible persons escaped infection.
Boston
100
What is the difference between elimination and eradication?
elimination - regional, undergoing interventions to contain eradication - global, no more interventions required to contain
200
The medical instrument used for vaccinating?
Bifurcated needle
200
Name the two virus variants of Smallpox
Variola major and Variola minor?
200
What is/are the reservoirs for small pox virus?
Humans are the only reservoir
200
What percentage of the Aztec population died within 6 months of the introduction of smallpox?
50%
200
The last case of Variola minor occurred in what country and what year?
Somalia in 1977
300
Name the virus used in the preparation of small pox vaccine
Live vaccinia virus
300
Modes of Transmission of infection (3)
Air-droplet, contact with infected clothing and bodily fluids, face to face
300
The cell receptor that small pox virus attaches to
CCR5
300
This Egyptian Pharaoh likely died from smallpox
Ramses V
300
The bioterrorism category that smallpox falls into
Category A
400
Does vaccination or infection give immunity? for how long?
Life long immunity
400
What family does the small pox virus belong to?
Poxviridae (Orthopoxviridae)
400
Smallpox showed a spike in incidence in which season/s?
winter/spring
400
The first importation of smallpox to the new world occurred here in 1507
Carribbean island -Hispaniola
400
Name the two labs/ countries where live smallpox virus is kept.
CDC, Atlanta Vektor Lab, Novosibirsk, Russia
500
The earliest method of prevention of small pox by inoculating with smallpox scabs- Name that method
Variolation
500
Name an infection whose symptoms mimic those of smallpox?
Chickenpox
500
"Smallpox vaccine may provide protection against HIV"- Name the scientist who conducted this study
Weinstein
500
This Yoruba diety is the god of smallpox
Shapona/ Sapona (aka Obaluaye or Omolu)
500
In what year was the WHO intensified smallpox eradication program established?
1966