Light
Issac Newton discovered this when he shined white light through a prism.
What is the composition of white light (all visible colors)?
This force creates wind and keeps everything in the solar system orbiting around the Sun.
What is gravity?
This happens when errors in DNA replication are not corrected.
What is a mutation?
Edmond Halley sought out this person for help in creating a mathematical formula that could explain the force that holds planets in orbits around the Sun.
Who is Issac Newton?
This is the speed at which light travels.
What is 300,000,000 miles per hour?
The electromagnetic spectrum is made up of these types of light (list from lowest energy to highest energy).
What is radio, micro, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, x-rays, gamma rays, & cosmic rays?
This lies between Mars and Jupiter.
What is the asteroid belt?
This type of selection gradually changes species through random genetic modifications that provide individual organisms with a survival advantage, thus allowing that trait to be passed on.
What is natural selection?
This person discovered the cell by looking at cork through a compound microscope, and was Newton's main scientific rival.
Who is Robert Hooke?
William Hershel refers to this as the "ghosts" that fill the sky.
What is the light we from distant stars, even if the stars no longer exist?
An object that emits light by being extremely hot is called this (e.g. light bulbs, burning coal, the sun).
What is a black body?
This sphere of comets is believed to lie outside of the solar system, surrounding it.
What is the Oort Cloud?
This type of selection is caused by humans breeding specific individuals with desirable traits, ensuring that that trait will be passed on.
What is artificial selection?
Using Newton's laws of gravity, this person discovered that comets also orbit the Earth in ellipses. He also predicted that a comet seen in 1682 would be seen again in 1758.
Who is Edmond Halley?
We "saw" the first black hole, Cygnus-X1, using this type of light.
What is X-rays?
This is how atoms emit light.
What is emitting of one wavelength of light and absorption of all others?
This person proved Giordano Bruno, an advocate of the Heliocentric Theory, right ten years after his death by observing other planets orbiting other stars with a telescope.
Who is Galileo Galilei?
Current scientific evidence suggests that life on Earth started in this.
What is hot water?
Halley's Comet passes Earth this often.
What is every 76 years?
We don't know what happened before the Big Bang because of this.
What is a lack of surviving evidence from before that moment?
These dark gaps in the solar spectrum were first observed by William Hyde Wollaston when he shined light through a prism. They are named after a German physicist who rediscovered them twelve years later. Astrophysicists today use them to determine the chemical composition of stars and the atmospheres of planets.
What are Fraunhofer Lines?
This spacecraft has traveled farther from Earth than any other.
What is Voyager 1?
The greatest mass extinction of all time happened at the end of this era.
What is the Permian.
Astronomers have predicted that the Milky Way will merge with this neighboring galaxy in the future.
What is Andromeda?
This would be at the center of a black hole if being sucked into one could cause an explosion similar to the Big bang.
What is another universe?